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MDSA02 Part II > Internet, Digital Media, Media Covergence > Flashcards

Internet, Digital Media, Media Covergence Flashcards

1
Q

The technologies become our existential state

i.e. iPad therefore I am

A

ontology

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2
Q

• Along with computers, digital music players, and a new generation of touchscreen devices like the ipad, smartphones are part of the general shift to media CONVERGENCE in media devices over the past decade

A

Smartphones and Media Convergence

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3
Q

The 3 C’s of Convergent Media

A
  • Communication Networks
  • Computing/Information Technology
  • Content (media)

• The Internet and the WWW in the centre

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4
Q

• ARPAnet

o Created by Department of Defense to enable researchers to share computer processing time
o EMAIL improved communication
o Each computer hub had similar status and power
o No master switch to shut it down

A

The Birth of the Internet

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5
Q

Distributed Networks

A
  • Centralized network (broken model)
  • Decentralized network
  • Distributed network (more powerful and useful as a learning technology)
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6
Q

Number of connections in a network =

A

n(n-1) [approx. n^2]

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7
Q

FILL IN!

A

Manuel Castells

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8
Q

The Net Widens

A

• Entrepreneurial stage (the priestly class)
• Early 1970s and to late 1980s
o Microprocessors
• Signaled the Net’s marketability
• Allowed for the first personal computers
o Fiber-optic cable
• Became the standard for transmitting communication data rapidly

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9
Q

Signaled the Net’s marketability

Allowed for the first personal computers

A

Microprocessors

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10
Q

Became the standard for transmitting communication data rapidly

A

Fiber-optic cable

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11
Q

Doubling leads to ________; it is exponential

A

the singularity (29 when technology will become smarter than us?)

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12
Q
  • WWW - developed by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in late 1980s
  • HTML (hypertext markup language) – allows computers to communicate
  • Web browsers – allow users to navigate the Web
A

The World Begins to Browse

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13
Q

• The Internet is ______ than the Web; we don’t have access to them

A

BIGGER

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14
Q

Users link in through Telephone and Cable Wires

A

Internet Service Providers (ISP)
• Connect users to proprietary Web system
• Broadband connection have largely replaced dial-up ISP services

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15
Q

Four MYTHS about commercial search engines that the industry has been very good at sustaining:

A
  • Search engines are impartial information tools
  • Search engines search the entire Web, gleaning the most relevant results

• Search engines vary greatly, thus offering choice and a competitive marketplace
o Bing vs Google; similar algorithms, similar results

• Search engines are the only place to go for relevant information of the Web

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16
Q

What is being sold?

A

We are.

17
Q

Search engines were once considered a failed business idea bc they were only a conduit to other pages

A
  • Lacked stickiness; no one stayed long enough to see advertising
  • Search engine portals began experimenting with sponsored links – a list of two or three paying sites that appear above the actual search results
  • Bc sponsored links are so highly targeted (they directly relate to search terms that users type in), they become enormously profitable
  • Instead of “searching the entire Web” search engines intentionally search through a greater number of PAYING sites
  • There is hardly any difference among search engines bc since only a few search engines power almost all the others
  • Most discouraging, their results are becoming less and less relevant, marginalizing non-profit-generating information
18
Q

the software packages that help users navigate the Web

A

browsers

19
Q

broadband connections

A

fill in

20
Q

an image, text, or sound converted into electronic signals represented as a series of binary numbers (1 and 0) which are then assembled as a precise reproduction of an image, text, or sound

A

digitial communication

21
Q

instant messaging

A

fill in

22
Q

social media

A

fill in

23
Q

enabled people to easily post their ideas to a web site

A

blogs

24
Q

enable anyone to edit and contribute to them

A

Wiki Web sites

25
Q

exist for the sharing of all types of content from text (fanfiction.net) to photos (Flickr and Photobucket) and videos (Vimeo and Youtube)

A

content communities

26
Q

most visible examples of social media

A

social networking sites

27
Q

Telecommunications Act of 1996

A

overhauled the nation’s communications regulations

28
Q

entry point to the Internet

A

portal

29
Q

gather user locations and purchasing habits; these data collecting systems function as consumer surveillance and _____ operations

A

data mining

30
Q

the buying and selling of products and services on the Internet

A

e-commerce

31
Q

common method that commercial interests use to track browsing habits

A

cookies

32
Q

more unethical and intrusive info-gathering software often secretly bundled with free download software

A

spyware

33
Q

stronger regulation of policies, such as requiring Web sites to adopt _____ or ____ policies

A

opt-in or opt-out policies

opt-in –> favoured by consumer and privacy advocates; Web sites must obtain explicit permission from consumers before the sites can collect browsing history data

opt-out policies –> favoured by data-mining corporations allow for the automatic collection of browsing history unless the consumer requests to opt-out of the practice

34
Q

Internet identity theft which involves phoney email messages that appear to be from official websites asking customers to update their credit card numbers, account passwords, and other personal information

A

phishing

35
Q

growing contrast bt information haves and have-nots (those who can/can’t afford internet services)

A

digital divide

36
Q

refers to principle that every website and user has the right to the same Internet network speed and access

A

net neutrality

37
Q

amateur programmers develop software on the principle that it was a collective effort

A

open-source software

MDSA02 Part II (5 decks)

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