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N2 > Rad and OS > Flashcards

Rad and OS Flashcards

1
Q

Sievert dosage allowed in a year for dentist?

A

50 msv/yr = 0.05 sv/yr

DD

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2
Q

what is tungsten used for in xray?

anode or cathod?

A

used as TARGET
-serves as a focal spot and coverts bombarding ELECTRONS into x-ray PHOTONS

it’s ANODE
DD

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3
Q

penumbra affected by all except:

  • moving xray tube
  • moving film
  • decrease film-object distance
  • decrease film-target distance
A

decrease film-target distance

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4
Q

radiation exposure to the onset of symptoms is called

A

the “latent period”

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5
Q

to get osteoradionecrosis radiation dose must be ___

A

65 Gy = 6500 rad

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6
Q

Macrocytic anemia

Microcytic anemia

A

Macro:
Vit B12 def
Folate def

Micro:
Iron def

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7
Q

Normal INR range

At what INR you don’t do surgery?

A

2.5-3

>4.0 dont do tx
mosby

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8
Q

prostaglanding is made from ____ via ____

A

arach. acid –(Cox1,2)–>Prostgl

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9
Q

PT factors and Normal PT

PTT factors and noraml PTT

A

PT:
1, 2, 5, 7, 10
12 +/-2 sec

PTT:
1, 2, 5, 8-12
25-40 sec

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10
Q

side effect of glucocorticoids

A

infection
hypErglycemia
(glucocorticoids are contraindicated in diabetics)

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11
Q

Sulfonylurea MOA

receptor?

A

stimulates release of insulin from beta cells in pancreas (only for type II diabetics)

receptor: ATP dependent K channel
(fa)

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12
Q

Metformin MOA

A

inhibit Hepatic Gluconeogenesis

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13
Q

HbA1C range for well-control diabetic pt?

A

4-6%

FA1

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14
Q

what condition accociated with ketone breath?

A

diabetics
hypErglycemia
(wiki)

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15
Q

disease accociated with palmar pits?

A 
nevoid bcc
(book)
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16
Q

face swelling after air spray in perio pocket

A

subcutaneous emphysema

wiki

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17
Q

drug: theophylline

A

asthma and COPD
(DD)
it’s a tablet (wiki)

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18
Q

MOA of Montelukast?

Tx for what condition?

A

MOA: Leukotriene receptor antagonist
for asthmatics
(mosby)

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19
Q

what’s Atelectasis?

A

collapse of alveoli.

may be secondary to: 
aspiration of foreign object
blockage of bronchus by mucus
hydrothorax
pneumothorax

Post GA complication due to Narcotic analgesic
(ASDA)

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20
Q

carpopedal spasm seen in

  • asthmatic attack
  • hyperventilation
  • seizures
A

hyperventilation

DD

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21
Q

med for grand mal seizure?

A

Dilatin (phenytoin)
asda

for Status epilepticus: valium (diazepam)

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22
Q

med for status epilepticus?

what dose?

A

valium (diazepam)
5mg IV/min (DD)

Adult

  • oral: 4-40mg
  • IV: 2-20mg

children
0.3-0.6 mg/kg

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23
Q

Diazepam contraindicated in ____

A

acute narrow glaucoma and Pregnant

DD and book

24
Q

What induces seizures?

  • hyponatremia
  • hypernatremia
  • hypokalemia
A

hyponatremia
(low Na+ in blood)
wiki

25
Q

which is not done by opioids?

  • diuresis
  • constipation
  • bronchiolar constriction
  • vomiting
A

diuresis

opioids cause urinary retention

26
Q

adverse effect of opioids

A
  1. Nausea/vomiting
  2. urinary retention
  3. Miosis (pin-point)
  4. respiratory depression
  5. constipation
27
Q

what Opioid is applied transdermally?

A

Fentanyl (opioid agonist)
-patch
wiki

28
Q

Drug: Methadone?

A

an opioid agonist used in maintenance for tx of opioid addiction
(DD, book)

29
Q

why is nalbuphine contraindicated in previous heroin addict?

A

mixed agonist-antagonist which may potentiate withdrawal symptoms
(no ref)

30
Q

where are mu receptors in brain?

A

medulla

31
Q

how to treat acetaminophen overdose?

A

give N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

wiki

32
Q

pt has hepatic dysfunction. which med can be prescribed?

  • oxycodone
  • naproxen
  • acetaminophen
A

naproxen

no ref

33
Q

what drug can cause Reye’s fever?

A

aspirin (in babies)

FA

34
Q

which NSAID least likely to cause dyspepsia?

A

Celebrex (Selective COX2 inhibitor)

dyspepsia = upset stomach

35
Q

pt taking aspirin, how long will platelet be inhibited if he stops now?

A

5-7 days

DD

36
Q

Saw Palmetton contraindicated with ____

A

aspirin (online)

37
Q

what herbs potentiate anticoagulants?

A

Saw Palmette
and
Chamomile
(book)

38
Q

Avoid methotrexate with ____

A

penicillin
NSAIDS
(methotrexate = anti-cancer)

39
Q

what’s ketorolac?

A

it’s an NSAID

40
Q

drugs contraindicated with lactating female?

A 
tetracycline
methotrexate
immunosuppressants
antihistamine
drugs of abuse (codeineeeee)
41
Q

what’s t1/2 of naproxen?

A

14 hrs

mosby

42
Q

what do you keep the biopsy specimen before it gets to oral pathologist?

A

formalin

43
Q

V2 and V3 come out of what foramen?

A

V2: Rot
V3: ovale

44
Q

in serial ext, concerns about the eruption sequence usually related to eruption pattern of which permanent teeth?

A

MAND K9 and 1st PM

ASDA

45
Q

what’s #65 and #74 forceps?

A

65: max incisors and root-tips

74 = ash: mand incisors

46
Q

what do you do in oroantral communication after ext?

A

<2mm = no surgical tx

2-6 = figure 8 suture to maintain integrity of blood clot

> 7 = requires flap surgery
(FA)

47
Q

what suture allows invasion of bact

  • gut
  • silk
  • nylon
A

silk (bcz it’s braided)

FA

48
Q

DFDBA has _____

A

bone morphogenic protein (BMP)

DFDBA = decalcified freeze dried bone allograft

49
Q

____ is the most common complication seen after removal of the mand molar

A

dry socket

DD

50
Q

____ is the most common complication of surgery

A

root fracture

DD

51
Q 
what's Guerin's sign associated with?
LeForte 1, 2, 3, 
nasal fracture
frontal sinus fracture
zygomaticomax frac, 
mand fract
A

Leforte 1
(guerin’s sign: buccal vestibule eccymosis)
(FA)

52
Q 
subconjunctival hemorrhage seen in:
LeForte 1, 2, 3, 
nasal fracture
frontal sinus fracture
zygomaticomax frac, 
mand fract
A

Leforte 2, 3

zygomaticomax

53
Q 
rank most to least common fracture in face?
LeForte 1, 2, 3, 
nasal fracture
frontal sinus fracture
zygomaticomax frac, 
mand fract
A

most to least common:
nasal > zygomatic fractures > Le Fort 1>2>3

Nasal > Zygomaticomaxillary complex > Le Fort 1 > 2 > 3 > zygomatic arch
(DD)

54
Q 
what is pyramidal fracture?
LeForte 1, 2, 3, 
nasal fracture
frontal sinus fracture
zygomaticomax frac, 
mand fract
A

LeFort 2

FA

55
Q

when does mand symphysis fuse?

A

before 1st year

56
Q

what are these xrays for

  • towne
  • submentovertex
A

towne: eval condylar fracture
submentovertex: eval zygomatic fracture

N2 (14 decks)

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