Rad and OS Flashcards
Sievert dosage allowed in a year for dentist?
50 msv/yr = 0.05 sv/yr
DD
what is tungsten used for in xray?
anode or cathod?
used as TARGET
-serves as a focal spot and coverts bombarding ELECTRONS into x-ray PHOTONS
it’s ANODE
DD
penumbra affected by all except:
- moving xray tube
- moving film
- decrease film-object distance
- decrease film-target distance
decrease film-target distance
radiation exposure to the onset of symptoms is called
the “latent period”
to get osteoradionecrosis radiation dose must be ___
65 Gy = 6500 rad
Macrocytic anemia
Microcytic anemia
Macro:
Vit B12 def
Folate def
Micro:
Iron def
Normal INR range
At what INR you don’t do surgery?
2.5-3
>4.0 dont do tx
mosby
prostaglanding is made from ____ via ____
arach. acid –(Cox1,2)–>Prostgl
PT factors and Normal PT
PTT factors and noraml PTT
PT:
1, 2, 5, 7, 10
12 +/-2 sec
PTT:
1, 2, 5, 8-12
25-40 sec
side effect of glucocorticoids
infection
hypErglycemia
(glucocorticoids are contraindicated in diabetics)
Sulfonylurea MOA
receptor?
stimulates release of insulin from beta cells in pancreas (only for type II diabetics)
receptor: ATP dependent K channel
(fa)
Metformin MOA
inhibit Hepatic Gluconeogenesis
HbA1C range for well-control diabetic pt?
4-6%
FA1
what condition accociated with ketone breath?
diabetics
hypErglycemia
(wiki)
disease accociated with palmar pits?
nevoid bcc (book)
face swelling after air spray in perio pocket
subcutaneous emphysema
wiki
drug: theophylline
asthma and COPD
(DD)
it’s a tablet (wiki)
MOA of Montelukast?
Tx for what condition?
MOA: Leukotriene receptor antagonist
for asthmatics
(mosby)
what’s Atelectasis?
collapse of alveoli.
may be secondary to: aspiration of foreign object blockage of bronchus by mucus hydrothorax pneumothorax
Post GA complication due to Narcotic analgesic
(ASDA)
carpopedal spasm seen in
- asthmatic attack
- hyperventilation
- seizures
hyperventilation
DD
med for grand mal seizure?
Dilatin (phenytoin)
asda
for Status epilepticus: valium (diazepam)
med for status epilepticus?
what dose?
valium (diazepam)
5mg IV/min (DD)
Adult
- oral: 4-40mg
- IV: 2-20mg
children
0.3-0.6 mg/kg
Diazepam contraindicated in ____
acute narrow glaucoma and Pregnant
DD and book
What induces seizures?
- hyponatremia
- hypernatremia
- hypokalemia
hyponatremia
(low Na+ in blood)
wiki
which is not done by opioids?
- diuresis
- constipation
- bronchiolar constriction
- vomiting
diuresis
opioids cause urinary retention
adverse effect of opioids
- Nausea/vomiting
- urinary retention
- Miosis (pin-point)
- respiratory depression
- constipation
what Opioid is applied transdermally?
Fentanyl (opioid agonist)
-patch
wiki
Drug: Methadone?
an opioid agonist used in maintenance for tx of opioid addiction
(DD, book)
why is nalbuphine contraindicated in previous heroin addict?
mixed agonist-antagonist which may potentiate withdrawal symptoms
(no ref)
where are mu receptors in brain?
medulla
how to treat acetaminophen overdose?
give N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
wiki
pt has hepatic dysfunction. which med can be prescribed?
- oxycodone
- naproxen
- acetaminophen
naproxen
no ref
what drug can cause Reye’s fever?
aspirin (in babies)
FA
which NSAID least likely to cause dyspepsia?
Celebrex (Selective COX2 inhibitor)
dyspepsia = upset stomach
pt taking aspirin, how long will platelet be inhibited if he stops now?
5-7 days
DD
Saw Palmetton contraindicated with ____
aspirin (online)
what herbs potentiate anticoagulants?
Saw Palmette
and
Chamomile
(book)
Avoid methotrexate with ____
penicillin
NSAIDS
(methotrexate = anti-cancer)
what’s ketorolac?
it’s an NSAID
drugs contraindicated with lactating female?
tetracycline methotrexate immunosuppressants antihistamine drugs of abuse (codeineeeee)
what’s t1/2 of naproxen?
14 hrs
mosby
what do you keep the biopsy specimen before it gets to oral pathologist?
formalin
V2 and V3 come out of what foramen?
V2: Rot
V3: ovale
in serial ext, concerns about the eruption sequence usually related to eruption pattern of which permanent teeth?
MAND K9 and 1st PM
ASDA
what’s #65 and #74 forceps?
65: max incisors and root-tips
74 = ash: mand incisors
what do you do in oroantral communication after ext?
<2mm = no surgical tx
2-6 = figure 8 suture to maintain integrity of blood clot
> 7 = requires flap surgery
(FA)
what suture allows invasion of bact
- gut
- silk
- nylon
silk (bcz it’s braided)
FA
DFDBA has _____
bone morphogenic protein (BMP)
DFDBA = decalcified freeze dried bone allograft
____ is the most common complication seen after removal of the mand molar
dry socket
DD
____ is the most common complication of surgery
root fracture
DD
what's Guerin's sign associated with? LeForte 1, 2, 3, nasal fracture frontal sinus fracture zygomaticomax frac, mand fract
Leforte 1
(guerin’s sign: buccal vestibule eccymosis)
(FA)
subconjunctival hemorrhage seen in: LeForte 1, 2, 3, nasal fracture frontal sinus fracture zygomaticomax frac, mand fract
Leforte 2, 3
zygomaticomax
rank most to least common fracture in face? LeForte 1, 2, 3, nasal fracture frontal sinus fracture zygomaticomax frac, mand fract
most to least common:
nasal > zygomatic fractures > Le Fort 1>2>3
Nasal > Zygomaticomaxillary complex > Le Fort 1 > 2 > 3 > zygomatic arch
(DD)
what is pyramidal fracture? LeForte 1, 2, 3, nasal fracture frontal sinus fracture zygomaticomax frac, mand fract
LeFort 2
FA
when does mand symphysis fuse?
before 1st year
what are these xrays for
- towne
- submentovertex
towne: eval condylar fracture
submentovertex: eval zygomatic fracture
