pt mngmnt Flashcards
what’s battery?
tx w/o consent
Dentist keeps on current dental medicine to provide current standard of care. What
part of the ethical code does this relate to?
non-malefecence
sympathy vs empathy
sympathy: Sympathy-to be concerned about someone, do not have to share the same emotional state as them
empathy: to walk in their shoes, share the emotional state they are feeling;
what rapport?
is a mutual sense of trust and openness
between individuals
rapport best with…
- empathy
- sympathy
- compassion
empathy
empathy: to walk in their shoes, share the emotional state they are feeling;
rapport: is a mutual sense of trust and openness between individuals
When should the dentist not use para-phrasing
when giving factual values
While the dentist is preparing a large carious lesion in Tooth #30 for a restoration, a
pulp exposure occurs. The patient angrily shouts at the dentist, “You incompetent ‘creep’- -you’re
responsible for this problem!”- Of the following possible responses the dentist could make, which
one is the most emphatic?
A. Calm down, I can still restore your tooth adequately.
B. Not when I’m preparing a tooth with caries like you had.
C. I can see that you’re very upset. You thought the tooth could be restored and
now this problem has occurred.
D. If you took care of your mouth the way you should, I wouldn’t have been close to the pulp.
E.I’m sorry this happened, but we must get on with the procedure
c. i can see…
asda
Stages of behavior changes
1-pre-contemption: not acknowledging there is a problem that needs to be changed 2 — contemplation acknowledging problem but not ready or sure of wanting to make a change 3 — preparation getting ready to change 4 — action/willpower changing behavior 5 — maintenance maintaining behavior change 6 — relapse abandoning change, returning to old behavior
expert witness vs fact witness
Expert witnesses offer opinions, unlike a fact witness, that may assist the judge in understanding technical knowledge in order to support their ability to make a sound ruling in a case
what’s social reinforcement
eye contact
smiling
telling pt good job
what’s behavior modeling?
is a type of learning that
occurs as a function of observing, retaining and replicating behavior executed by others in a social context
DD
A patient is going to the dentist and has never had local anesthetic. He recently got a vaccine and is now afraid of needles.The fear is due to what?
Location
Generalization
Translation
generalization
Replacing words like LA with sleepy juice is called
Euphemism (relabeling)
What is conditioned stimulus with pt that had previous bad experiences
a. Dental chair
b. High blood pressure
c. Fear
d. Anxiety
a. dental chair
who experiances impending doom
panic attack
allergy to meds, report to
FDA
who pays for medicare? medicaid?
medicaid: run by state under federal law
medicare: federal
what is capitation?
dentist is paid a fixed amount, usually on
a monthly basis, directly by the capitation
plan
- for this fixed payment, the dentist agrees to provide specified dental services for patients who present and who are assigned to the
practice by the capitation plan
Which one is related to employee insurance, where you get a discount from the insurance and
also you can go to a dentist of your preferance?
HMO/PPO
PPO
capitation dental plan is …
HMO or PPO?
HMO
DD
Which one is related to a dental group, that only allows you to go to a group of dentists at a specific location?
- close panel
- open panel
closed panel
- closed panel - dental services provided by salaried dentists at specified locations only
- open panel - dental services provided by any dentist willing to accept third party payment
Bill out for a core build up and crown and insurance says build up is only covered, what is this?
Bundling
Unbundling of procedures as “the separating of a dental procedure into component parts with
each part having a charge so that the cumulative charge of the components is greater than the total
charge to patients who are not beneficiaries of a dental benefit plan for the same procedure.”
Bundling is the exact opposite of unbundling and can occur on the insurance carrier end.
2 2 surface composites and insurance
made it 1 1 surface comp
downcoding
Upcoding or overcoding is defined by the ADA as “reporting a more complex and/or higher cost
procedure than was actually performed.”
Downcoding on the other hand is defined by the ADA as “a practice of third-party payers in which
the benefit code has been changed to a less complex and/or lower cost procedure than was
reported except where delineated in contract agreements.”
least chance of needle stick?
most chance of needle stick?
least: setting up
most: cleaning up
(no ref)
a patient have been visiting several dentist in the past, the first time she see you she
tells you that she likes you and she will refer family and friends to your office, what type of attitude
is she showing ?
borderline
no ref
You have a test that is not accurate but gives consistent result
reliable: Reliability is the degree to which an assessment tool produces stable and consistent results
(wiki)
Which of the following are necessary for a test to be accurate: Specificity, reliability,
validity
validity
what happened in 1997?
SCHIP (State Children’s Health Insurance Program) was created
1997 law passed that state must look after children that cannot afford healthcare
who is protected under Americans with disabilities act?
HIV pts
what’s the “benchmark” of the effectiveness of a disinfectant?
mycobact. tuberculosis
FA
definition of disinfection
can be applied on inanimate objects.
Destroy majority of microorganisms but NOT spores (sterilization kills spores)
definition of antiseptic
an antimicrobial that can be safely applied to living tissues (alcohol); inhibits but not necessarly destroy microorganisms
Dry heat
____ C, ____ min, ____ psi
320 F (160C), 120 min (no pressure generated)
Steam (autoclave)
____ C, ____ min, ____ psi
250 F (121C), 15 min, 15 psi
which method of sterilization needs higher temp?
dry heat (160C) (vs. steam 121C)
benchmark of sterilization?
spores destruction (Clostridium botulimum)
what organization mandates heathcare prof receive Hep B vaccine?
OSHA
what organization mandates MSDS be readily available?
Who provides MSDS?
OSHA
Manufacturer
Dentist potential for abuse not likely due to
a. Vulnerability
b. Pressure of being perfect
c. Knowledge and access to drugs
d. Stress
a. vulner
If a dentist is reading an article, where should he look for the definition of dependent and independent variables
methods
fact:
double blind q, except - you need two controls
fact:
double blind q, except - you need two controls
which type of study determines relative risk ratio?
which type of study determines odds ratio?
cOhOrt = relative risk
case control study = odds ratio
what kind of study is it if you are “assigning” patients to groups
clinical trial
chi square test
measure the association between 2 categorical variables
ex: caries status (caries free or not) vs fluoridation of district they live in (yes or no)
t-test
analyzes the statistical difference between 2 MEANS.
ex: tx vs control group
ex: tx1 vs tx2
which test measures 2 nonparametric data?
chi-square
Two common VARIABLE..what statistical test would you use?
chi-square
what’s a confounding variable?
a variable that influences both the dependent and indepenent variable
how to reduce confounding variable?
randomizing groups
types of error
type I: false positive
type II: false negative
The power of a statistical analysis is ultimately to
reject the null
sensitivity
specificity
sensitivity: TP/(TP+FN)
specificity: TN/(TN+FP)
histograms shows:
mean
correlation of 2 variables
variance
variance
mem
variables
Nominal
Interval
Ratio
Nomial- categories. Just naming items.
Interval-you have a degree of difference but ratio is meaning-less. Celsius
Ratio- can compare numbers: mass, length, duration, BP, Pulse, Kelvin
temp: Kelvins vs Celsius
which one is interval?
which one is ratio?
Kelvins: ratio
Celsius: interval
