RAD 106 midterms Flashcards
high mass and can be stopped by a thin sheet of paper
alpha particles
is the radiation of energy by means of fast moving sub atomic particles that has finite mass and may or may not carry a charge
particulate radiation
steeper anode angle, creates a smaller effective focal spot size
line focus principle
can store the absorbed light energy
phosphorescence
relationship between wavelength and frequency
inversely proportional
releasing of electron from the filament when current flows
the hotter the filament the greater the number of electrons
thermionic emission
number of oscillations
measured in hertz
frequency
represents average energy per unit path
linear energy transfer
kev/um
means radiation emanating from the diagnostic source assembly except for
leakage radiation
is energy that moves from one place to another in a form that can be described as waves/ particles
Radiation
photons emitted towards the tube’s anode side are attenuated more than the cathode side
heel effect
unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation
radioactivity
does not have enough energy to remove and electron from an atom/molecule
non ionizing radiation
is a dose quantity representing the stochastic health effects of low levels of ionizing radn on the human body
equivalent dose
atoms go to excited state/ excitation
high penetrating power
hazardous
gamma radiation
adding or removing electrons in atoms or molecules
ionization
number of protons + number of neurons
atomic mass Z
capable of removing/adding of an electron from an atom
ionizing radiation
emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light
fluorescence
number of protons or number of electrons
atomic number A
is defined as the same degree of biological effect irrespective of radn type
dose equivalent
same atomic number, different atomic mass
isotopes
removal of an electron from atom orbit
ionizing radiation
dose can be defined as the amount of energy absorbed by any medium for any radn type
exposure medium
a process by which a nucleus or other subatomic particles emits a smaller particle or divides into smaller particle
disintegrations
rate at which the radn is emitted from a radioactive source
dose rate
emission of ionizing radiation
radioactivity
is what remains of the primary beam after it has been attenuated by matter
remnant radiation
hydrogen has three known isotopes
protium, deuterium, tritium
means radiation which passes through an aperture of the source housing by a direct path from the x-ray tube or a radioactive source located in the radiation source housing
primary beam
xrays produced when high speed electron from the filament are slowed down as the pass close/strike the nuclei of target atom
bremsstrahlung xrays
relationship between wavelength and energy
inversely propotional
distance travelled by a wave
denoted in lambda
wavelenght
longer wavelength and lower energy characteristics
xrays
provides an approximate indicator of potential detriment from ionizing radn
effective dose
relationship between frequency and energy
directly proportional
is defined as the amount of ionization in air produced
exposure in air
a neuron-proton ratio, can be stopped by a thin aluminum/steel, it can penetrate skin
beta particles
full range of electromagnetic radiation organized by frequency or wavelength
electromagnetic spectrum
