race not to fail this damn test Flashcards
What is the synthetic theory of evolution?
Unified explanation of evolution
from Darwin and Mendel
Why is the Hardy Weinberg principle useful?
Identifies the change in
frequencies
What are pre-zygotic barriers
Mechanisms that prevent reproduction
What is homeostasis?
Process that maintains a stable internal environment
Hardy Weinberg principle
the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors.
What is directional selection?
When phenotypes are favored at one extreme
What is sympatric speciation?
Forms new species in the same area
What is the importance of the fossil record?
to show that life evolved over
time
What were most likely the first land animals?
Arthropods
What is an example of a pre-zygotic barrier?
Behavioral isolation
What is the prebiotic soup hypothesis?
The ideas that organic molecules
formed in pools of water
What does the evolutionary species concept state?
Species have had to
diverge from other populations
Who was Jan Baptiste Lamarck
Came up with the theory of Inheritance of
acquired characteristics
What is not a principle of the Hardy Weinberg concept?
Artificial selection
What process is responsible for the creation of new species
Natural
Selection
What is hybrid inviability?
Mating of embyros that fail to develop
What is genetic equilibrium?
Frequencies do not change over time
What are homologus structures?
Similar in structure and different in
function
What is not an adaption to bipedalism in early hominids?
Curve in the spine
What is the founder effect?
It is an overall shrinking of the available genepool
usually due to a small part of the population breaking off from a larger
population. This can cause very little genetic diversity in a population
What is stabilizing selection?
type of natural selection in which genetic
diversity decreases and the population mean stabilizes on a particular trait
value.
What is punctuated equilibrium?
Model to predict the abrupt appearance of
a new species. Be sure to look at the images
What is convergent evolution? Give examples.
process whereby organisms
not closely related, independently evolve similar traits as a result of having
to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches. Example: Bird wings,
insect wings
What is gene flow?
Breeding individuals that move alleles between
populations
What is sexual selection?
Selecting mates based on appearance
What is the biological species concept?
Populations whose members do not
interbreed in nature
What is a hominid?
a primate of a family ( Hominidae ) that includes humans
and their fossil ancestors
What are preadaptations?
New features on organisms
What is a genetic drift?
Random changes in a population
What is neutral variations?
Conditions that do not alter the ability of
organisms to survive
In breeding Depression is due to____
increased homozygosity
What is allopatric speciation?
he most common form of speciation, occurs
when populations of a species become geographically isolated.
What process prohibits interbreeding between two different species is
called?
Reproductive isolating mechanisms
What is a genetic bottleneck?
is an event that drastically reduces the size of a
population.
