Race/Ethnicity/Gender Flashcards

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1
Q

Tulsa Massacre 1921

A

Major resentment towards black community from poor whites, who resented the financial success that was emerging in tulsa, started when there was physical contact between a white woman and a black boy. after there was some rebuilding but it will never be like what it was.

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2
Q

Critical Race Theory

A

race is a social construct, and racism is not only an individual bias but in legal systems and policies.

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3
Q

Origins of racial classification

A

Blumenbach and Linnaeus. Linnaeus was a pioneer in taxonomy. (classification of organisms- based on geography) Blumenbach started ranking in a hierarchy based on perceived beauty & who he believed the earliest humans were

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4
Q

Race

A

socially constructed category of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of society deem important

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5
Q

ethnicity

A

shared social, cultural and historical experiences stemming from common national backgrounds

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6
Q

ethnic group

A

group of people in same ethnicity

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7
Q

Advantages of ethnicity

A

-gives individuals sense of belonging
-ethnic pride and sense of self worth

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8
Q

Disadvantages of ethnicity

A

-creates conflict, prejudice and hatred among groups

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9
Q

tribe

A

large group in a traditional society consisting of families or communities liked by: social, economic, religious and blood ties

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10
Q

tribalism

A

excessive devotion to your tribe, usually accompanied by actions meant to denigrate (element of racism) other tribes

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11
Q

Prejudice

A

a set of negative attitudes and beliefs about a whole categories of people because of race or ethnicity

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12
Q

Discrimination

A

unjust treatment of different categories of people (age, race or sex)

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13
Q

stereotypes

A

mistaken generalization about people because of their race or ethnicity

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14
Q

Racism

A

prejudice, discrimination directed against a person or people based on their memberships of a particular ethnic group

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15
Q

Evolution of skin color

A

leading hypothesis: 1.2 million years ago to less than 10,000 years ago, archaic humans, including archaic homo sapiens, were dark skinned. At some point, light skin was a mutation but survived better due to production of vitamin D.

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16
Q

Why prejudice exists

A

-psychological explanation: authoritarian personalities- emphasize obedience to authority and low acceptance of people not like oneself
-Frustration/scapegoat: individuals blame problems on racial minorities, and scapegoat them instead of realizing real source

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17
Q

Explaining Prejudice

A

-sociological: conformity and socialization, people conform to which the society they grew up in
-economic and political: prejudice arises from competition over jobs and other resources and from disagreement over political issues

18
Q

Role of mass media

A

-coverage of people of color fuels racial prejudice and stereotypes by presenting POC in a negative light. media uses POC in pictures more than whites.

19
Q

Correlations

A

gender, education and region of country

20
Q

changing nature

A

explicit racism has been replaced by subtle forms.

21
Q

public policy

A

system of law, regulatory measures, courses of action and funding priorities concerning a topic that are enacted by a gov entity (SPENDING PRIORITY)

22
Q

structural racism

A

public policies, institutional practices, cultural representations and other norms work in ways that reinforce group inequity

23
Q

individual discrimination

A

individuals practice in daily lives

24
Q

institutional discrimination

A

whole institution (housing, medical care & law enforcement)

25
Q

pay gap (structure)

A

-lower rates of education
-lower rates of participation
-feminine jobs w/ lower pay
-discrimination was legal

26
Q

pay gap (attitudes)

A

-less intelligent
-women should raise children
-cant hold power
-homemakers

27
Q

1 SOURCE OF HATE CRIMES

A

RACIAL BIAS

28
Q

gender

A

social and cultural differences in a society assigns to people based on biological sex

29
Q

gender roles

A

societies expectations of behavior

30
Q

gender identity

A

persons internal sense of being a man or woman

31
Q

sex

A

anatomical and biological differences between male and female

32
Q

primary sex characteristics

A

genetalia

33
Q

secondary sex characteristics

A

hormones, and things that develop after puberty

34
Q

intersex

A

people born with sexual anatomy that doesn’t fit typical definition of male and female

35
Q

Margaret Mead

A

one of the first anthropologists to study cultural differences in gender. found gender linked attitudes and behavior differ widely one culture to the next

36
Q

androgynous

A

contains aspects of both female and male

37
Q

sex = biological

A

gender = social construct

38
Q

glass ceiling

A

invisible barriers facing women as they try to advance in the workplace

39
Q

glass escalator

A

the smooth path afforded to men with promotions in the workplace

40
Q

feminization of poverty

A

more women are poor than men due to pay gap

41
Q

benefits of being a male

A

-freedom from fear of being raped or sexually assaulted
- not experiencing job discrimination on basis of gender

42
Q

Costs of being male

A

higher rates of:
-injury
-violence
-death
-lower likelihood of experiencing joy of parenthood