Crime and deviance/sexual battery and assault Flashcards

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1
Q

deviance

A

behavior that violates social norms and arouse negative social relations

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2
Q

law

A

a norm that has been formally adopted

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3
Q

criminal law

A

defines everyones responsibility to uphold public order

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4
Q

crime

A

behavior that is prohibited by law because it is considered especially harmful or offensive

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5
Q

relativity of deviance

A

if a behavior is considered deviance depends on circumstances (time and physical space) in which behavior occurs and not the behavior itself (prostitution illegal in some places but not in others)

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6
Q

Durkheim

A

a society without deviance is impossible
-social norms are never strong enough to prevent all rule breaking
-deviance is an important part of society

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7
Q

structure-functionalism (Durkheim)

A

deviance has several functions
(a) clarifies the norm & increases conformity
(b) strengthens social bonds among people reacting to deviance
(c) can help lead to positive social change

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8
Q

conflict theory

A

-people with power use power to keep themselves in power
-poor people and minorities are more likely because of their poverty and race to be arrested

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9
Q

feminist theory

A

-some reason for rape and sexual assault are because of womens lack of power physically and socially compared to men
-sexual abuse lead women to turn to substance abuse

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10
Q

symbolic interactionism

A

Edwin H Sutherland believed that crime is learned by socialization with friends and family and also teach norms and justification for breaking the law

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11
Q

Labeling theory

A

-deviance results from being labeled deviant
-ethnicity, appearance and social class effects how labeling happens

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12
Q

The age crime curve

A

-Adolphe Quetelet
-male offenders tend to increase after puberty and peaks around 18, similar in women too, but women “age out” (not proven)

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13
Q

National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

A

-conducted each year
-primary source of information of crime victimization
-people are interviewed on frequency, characteristics and consequences. nonfatal and household property

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14
Q

% of people homeless and mentally ill when arrested

A

17% and half were homeless

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15
Q

% of national budget spent on mental health treatment

A

7%

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16
Q

Suicide Trends

A

suicide rates are higher in jail with people with mental health problems and most arrests are because mental health issue usually is underlying cause

17
Q

deinstitutionalization

A

civil rights movement in the 1960s because of the overuse of “committing” the mentally ill

18
Q

pedophilia

A

an adult or older adolescent experiences primary or exclusive sexual attraction to prepubescent children

19
Q

Minor attracted persons

A

more accurate description than pedophile

20
Q

causes of pedophilia

A

many factors but no main causes
-childhood abuse
-personality disorder
-alcohol or substance abuse
-

21
Q

prevention project Dunkenfield

A

German program that treats pedophilia
-Germany wont call authorities if they say they plan on abusing a child, they work on preventive measures; wont report past incidents either

22
Q

A long dark shadow

A

Book written about MAPS in which they stated they were attracted to minors but havent acted on it

23
Q

MAP

A

a persons whose sexual orientation includes people who cant legally consent

24
Q

internalized stigma

A

weakens psychological resilience of MAP (self fulfilling prophecy: “if i believe i am X, you begin to act like X” labeling thoery

25
Q

loneliness and grief

A

lowers the level of mental health for an individual

26
Q

Harassment

A

unwelcome conduct that is based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability or genetic information

27
Q

Harassment becomes unlawful when:

A

-enduring the offensive conduct becomes a condition of continued employment
-conduct is severe or pervasive enough to create a work environment that a reasonable person would consider intimidating, hostile or abusive

28
Q

sexual harassment

A

unlawful to harass a person because of their sexual orientation or gender

29
Q

prevention

A

prevention is the best tool to eliminate sexual harassment, such as training and an efficient complaint system

30
Q

consent

A

-voluntary
-both partners must posses sufficient mental capacity
-physical barrier: threats or violence
-mental barrier: intoxication, mental illness or disability

31
Q

7/10 rapes are by:

A

someone you know

32
Q

repeat rape offenders

A

almost 2/3 of rapists commit multiple rapes

33
Q

belief in a just world

A

we experience a common urge to blame the victim

34
Q

Unified Crime Report

A

annual report published by FBI, contains data on index crime: homicide, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, larceny, motor vehicle theft and arson

35
Q

why is UCR criticized

A

(1) methods used to collect (2) it only counts crime that has been reported and accepted by police (3) only contains information on certain crimes