Race-Ethnicity and Inequality Flashcards
T or F, racial categories are made up
true
Define race.
– physical defining characteristics we CHOOSE to pay attention to
define ethnicity.
cultural aspects, language, nation of origin, religions, food
define racial formation.
taking both racial and ethnic characteristics to form category
- in the U.S. race was created w/ agenda to validate founding father’s equal claims while discriminating
- unequal becomes part of categorization itself
- structure built has lasted to today
Why do we care about race?
– pigmentation is nuclear identifier since fair Black and still white, still used though
T or F, countries are created
True, created so that there is a sense of belonging to the place that is made up, no one is 100% any race
T or F, everyone is from Africa
True, some left earlier
T or F, 2 Black people have the same genetic difference that a Black person and a white person do
True; also you can never really prove someone is in a certain racial group because the groups aren’t actually real
Why do we see race differently?
- socio-economic differences
- - discrimination history
What are the different racial categories?
- Black
- Latin
- Asian
- Native American
- Non - Latino white
What is the significance of racial formation?
- the significance is that this is socially constructed
- —> we didn’t make up the pigments however we chose to pay attention to it
- so it’s probably a good idea to figure how racial formation plays into the structure
- ——-> race is one of the key things in order to create the arrangements that make up the structure
Define white privilege.
– never felt as oppulence; enjoy not having to think about alot of stuff
– it’s much more moving throughout the day without having to think about extra stuff
– racial hierarchy and tension are not the same thing
- —-> ex: “white trash” –> we expect white people to be at the top
- —–> this reveals the element of white supremacy w/in racial hierarchy
– there’s also the optional tone of ethnicity when you’re white, this is diff when you’re nonwhite
– white people are more likely to not have race be their master status
Who is the largest racial/ethnic group in the U.S.?
- White people
- 60% of U.S. is white
- have largest political/economic privilege
Define pan ethnicity.
- all racial-ethnic groups are an ethnicities
- when someone is white it can be a broad range of white cultures
- people have been clumped together into these categories
Define the Black racial group.
- can also be referred to as AA
- make up 13% of U.S. pop
- second largest minority group
- low levels of educational and economical attainment
- Native Americans/ Indigenous are equal to this
- growing Black middle class
- –> experience of being Black in America is very similar across the group and it’s also diff, based on socioeconomic status
- Bougie
- —-> experience of Black middle class Americans is diff from white middle class Americans
- —-> large proportion of middle class Black adults came from a working class background
- Black middle class are less likely to accumulate or receive a large amount of wealth
- -> housing discrimination
- -> harder to grow wealth/attain wealth
- -> redlining is illegal but still a thing
Describe the Hispanic (Latinx) racial group
- Latin American pop. is growing
- roughly 20% of the U.S. population
- largest minority group
- breaking it down to 3 largest groups
- –> Mexican American
- –> Cuban American
- –> Puerto Rican
- breaking it down to 3 largest groups
- -> Cuban American population is the most affluent
- - socioeconomic attainment in on par with non-Latino whites - -> Mexican American population is in the middle
- -> Puerto Ricans are the most economically disadvantaged
- – less obstacles in coming to U.S. which plays a role in their economic attainment being low
- – more obstacles –> linked to higher attainment
Describe Asian American racial group.
- make up 8% of U.S. population
- highest level of college education
- highest level of marriage outside of their racial category
- -> mainly to white people
- -> also considering socioeconomic status is equal to that of white people
- highest level of marriage outside of their racial category
- have to be mindful of the fact that this list about socioeconomic status, doesn’t talk about political and cultural representation
- also doesn’t account for the fact there are specific groups that are poor aka Hawaiians who argue that they should be classified as indigenous
Describe Native American/Indigenous racial group
- 2% of U.S. population
- very disadvantaged group
- poverty rates at bottom of distribution
- high rates of intermarriage
- least likely to marry outside of their race is Black women in particular
- the least likely pairing of interracial marriages is Black and white
T or F, dominant group is established by hierarchical aspect
True
Describe dominant - minority relations (continuum)
– most heinous is genocide, the elimination of people based on racial/ethnic identities
– internal colonialism –> institution of slavery (systematic, extreme mistreatment of groups)
– segregation –> spatial and social separation of people on the basis of race/ethnicity
- Assimilation –> when the dominant group absorbs the minority group
- –> common theme is language
- –> pluralism
- Assimilation –> when the dominant group absorbs the minority group
T or F, we’re at the state of assimilation of segregation, maybe even internal colonialism
True;
- -> the new Jim Crow
- -> prison industrial complex
Define prejudice.
– the attitude or belief –> the behavior that comes w/ this is discrimination
Define institutional discrimination.
- a feature of social practices
- when everyday rules/norms/practices/policies are what make up the discrimination
- —> literally following the rules can contribute to this institutional discrimination
ex: the types of sentences associated w/ a specific drug
– as long as we have dominant group bad thing are happening
Define microaggressions and what are the 3 types.
– happening at an individual level; can be entrenched institutionally
3 types
- microassault
- –> intentional, blatant, more overtly hostile
ex: saying racist stuff, slurs - —> easier to point out as racist
- –> intentional, blatant, more overtly hostile
- microassault
– microinsult and microinvalidation
- -> usually unintentional
- -> backhanded compliments; tone deaf stuff
- -> often don't realized you're doing it
- -> attempting to smooth down racial tensions
ex: not seeing color
- -> trick and very damaging
