Capitalism, Authority and the State Flashcards
Define work.
anything that produces something paid or unpaid
define economy.
institution in charge of managing interaction involves with production, distribution and conception of goods and services
how has work changed in the U.S.?
– deindustrialization bc of more machines replacing human workers and the labor has been outsourced internationally, this makes it harder to make a living w/out education
– non-standard service sector jobs: low skill, low income, doesn’t have usual/normal shifts –> health issues, divorce, etc. provide service
– non-standard contingent jobs: free agent, only lived for certain amt of time, risky, usually low paying, no benefits, crazy schedule, about 25% of jobs
– work hours: usually inferred to mean hours of work for pay, paid work hours on average haven’t changed but how there are two groups within workforce
1. overemployed: college edu, salary, wealthy but work 24/7
2. underemployed: w/ growth of short term jobs, less edu, always scrambling for job
T or F, people are putting in more work hours outside fo paid worktime today
True, seen in total family work time which includes unpaid work, on average same TFWT
T or F, dual earning families have more TFWT on average
True, bc we have more family structure (like single mother households) which are argued to be less efficient since it is harder for one to manage both work and family spheres this increase mainly cause by boom in women labor force
How did work for Black women shift over time?
– Black women did mainly domestic and sometimes yard work after slavery for little pay so they entered work force before white women
– white women didn’t enter till WW2 and continued to increase until late 80s or 90s where it plateaued at a very high rate
T or F, first women to work were unmarried w/ out children
True, then there was slow shift
What are four reasons for the increase in the women’s labor force?
- expansion of service sector: more digestible bc more like existing women culture
- men income goes down: cannot be only provider
- decrease in fertility: move time to make money bc of condoms/tech, also bc children stop working so become liability instead of asset
- increase in divorce rates: bc divorce is likely people make financial decisions to protect themselves w/ this in mind
What are relationship-specific investments?
– if relationships are more unstable, we are less likely to make relationship specific investments, if the relationship ends, the investment is also affected and you may not get expected payment, this happens for stay @ home moms for example when divorce
What is the difference between capitalism and socialism?
- capitalism
- –> private ownership
- –> competitive
- –> goal = profit
- –> individual investment
- –> rooted in certain values
- capitalism
- socialism
- -> collective ownership
- -> cooperation
- -> goal = everyone has what they need
- socialism
– can have mixed economy too which is mix btwn both
define corporation.
– basic definition of it
– one business, one focus, one goal
define conglomerate
– large, includes multiple coorporations, diff services/goods
T or F, as business become international, norms of how people make money are questioned
True
Define interlocking directorates.
– small # of seats of power are filled by even smaller amount of people filling seats bc some of multiple seats
Define the institution of state/government.
- creating and enforcing laws
- social services
- helps to maintain order
- tends to offer structure w/ education system
- regulates the economy
Define politics.
- a process where ppl try to acquire and exercise power
- - want people they support to have influence
What is power?
- ability to make things happen or make people do what you want (coercion)
- power in it’s rawest form makes people do things even if they don’t want to do it
What is legitimacy?
– another layer when added to power becomes authority aka legitimate authority
- -> authority can be very precarious - -> general agreement that the person or group can make the rules - -> authority --> just because it's legitimated doesn't mean it's smooth an everyone is down
What is the paradox of authority?
– can have that authority but once it’s removed one wouldn’t have anything
- authority doesn’t really work w/ the latent aspect of coerciion
- potential for latent coercion to become manifest will always be there
What are the 3 main types of authority?
- Traditional authority
- -> hereditary; position of authority is inherited; source of authority is personal
ex: monarchy
- -> hereditary; position of authority is inherited; source of authority is personal
- Traditional authority
- – Charismatic authority
- -> something about this person that makes people want to listen/follow them
ex: Martin Luther King Jr, Prophet Muhammad PBUH - -> have something about themselves that moves people
- -> this authority is also personal
- -> something about this person that makes people want to listen/follow them
- Rational/Legal authority
- -> authority itself is vested and held w/in the position
- -> source is formal
ex: judge; presidency - -> authority housed w/ in position itself –> therefore there’s criteria we’ve attached to these positions
- Rational/Legal authority
What are the diff types of Political systems?
- democracy
- - authoritarian/totalitarian
Describe and define democracy.
– recognize individual rights, approach rules w/ understanding that individuals can judge what’s best for themselves
– elect representatives that respond to wishes of groups, universal voting rights (except kids, immigrants, imprisoned commonly)
- brings up electoral college and debates and value of individual votes in diff states
- —-> in U.S. there’s 2 party system even though views are broad under 2 umbrellas
- brings up electoral college and debates and value of individual votes in diff states
Define and describe authoritarian/totalitarian.
– gov has control of everything
– Totalitarian –> everything is decided for you
– Authoritarian –>sort of hands off in certain aspects of life
Describe voting patterns in U.S.
– structural thing sin place that aren’t conducive to voting
- voter turnout is about half
- people more likely to vote are older, white, higher SES, married
--> prodestant and jewish more likely to vote
- people more likely to vote are older, white, higher SES, married
