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Kidney > RAAS system > Flashcards

RAAS system Flashcards

1
Q

What is responsible for long term regulation of Na+ excretion?
What is responsible for short term regulation of Na+ excretion?

A

Long term- RAAS
Short term- GFR

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2
Q

What is major hormone responsible for Na+ reabsorption?

A

Aldosterone

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3
Q

What 3 factors initiate RAAS system?

A

1) Macula densa cells in the distal CT detect less NaCl
2) Sympathetic stimulation
3) Little or no arteriolar stretch (from low blood volume due to low Na+ and thus H2O)

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4
Q

Outline RAAS system?

A

1) Macula densa cells detect low levels Na+
2) Juxtaglomerular cells in afferent arterioles stimulated release renin from granular cells
3) Renin cleaves angiotensiongen (made liver) to angiotensin 1
4) Angiotensin 1 cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE- made lungs to form angiotensin II
Stimulate adrenal glands secrete aldosterone
Aldosterone increases Na+ reabsorption- increases volume
Stimulate thirst- vasopressin release
Ang II vasoconstricts arterioles

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5
Q

Draw RAAS system?

A
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6
Q

What are 2 enzymes involved in RAAS?
Function?
Located?

A

Renin- cleave angiotensinogen to angiotensin I
- released by liver
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)- convert angiotensin 1 to
angiotensin II
- released lungs

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7
Q

What detects low Na+ lvls?

A

Macula densa cells

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8
Q

Where is renin released from?

A

Granular cells of juxtaglomerular apparatus

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9
Q

What stimulates release renin? (2)
What detected by?

A

1) Low Na+ lvls detects by macula densa cells
2) Low perfusion pressure detects by baroreceptors in afferent arteriole

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10
Q

What inhibits renin?
When is it released?

A

Inhibited by Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)
Released by stretched atria response to increase blood pressre

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11
Q

How is RAAS system inhibited?

A

1) Increase in BP
2) Stretch atria releases atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

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12
Q

Label

A
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13
Q

Where is angiotensinogen produced?

A

Liver

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14
Q

What occurs to angiotensinogen?

A

Cleaved by renin to form angiotensin I

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15
Q

What enzyme cleaves angiotensin I to angiotensin II?
Where is it found?

A

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
Lungs

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16
Q

State 5 actions of angiotensinII?

A

1) Vasoconstriction of arterioles
2) Stimulates Na+ resabsorption in kidney
3) Stimulate release aldosterone from adrenal cortex
4) Increase thirst
Stimulate ADH release from hypothalamus
5) Release noradrenaline (symp ns)

17
Q

Where is aldosterone released from when stimulated by angiotensin II?

A

Adrenal cortex

18
Q

Where is ADH released from?

A

Posterior pituitary gland

19
Q

What does release noradrenaline do?

A

Vasoconstrict arterioles
Release renin

20
Q

Function of ADH?

A

Increase promotion aquaporin 2 channels

21
Q

Where is aldosterone released from?

A

Zona glomerulus of adrenal cortex

22
Q

What cells do aldosterone act on?

A

Principal cells of collecting ducts
Increases expression Na+ channels

23
Q

How are aldosterone and potassium linked?

A

Aldosterone act principal cells increase Na+
Na+/K+/ATPase pump used
Potassium moved into cell
Potassium into renal tubule- excreted into urine

24
Q
A
25
Q

What does angiotensin II do to aldosterone lvls?

A

Stimulate adrenal cortex increase secretion aldosterone

26
Q

Does angiotensin II cause vasoconstriction or dilation?

A

Vasoconstriction

27
Q

Draw RAAS system

A
28
Q

Draw RAAS system and effects angiotensin II?

A
29
Q

What is aim of RAAS system increasing? (2)

A

Increase circulating blood volume
Increase BP

30
Q

State effects of angiotensin II? (6)

A

1) Stimulate zona glomerulosa in adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone (increase sodium uptake), increases water
2) Vasoconstriction efferent arterioles- increase pressure causing GFR to fall- harder blood leave glomerulus- more reabsorption
3) Increase Na+ reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubule
4) Stimulates thirst
5) Stimulate aldosterone- act pprinciple increase aqua porin
6) Stimulate vasopressin (ADH)- aquaporin expression

Kidney (11 decks)

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