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Rizal > R4: Literary Works and Essays > Flashcards

R4: Literary Works and Essays Flashcards

1
Q

Religion

Octave for the child Jesus as a reflection of his spiritual beliefs

Written at age 14

A

To the Child Jesus

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2
Q

Religion

To hail Urbiztondo (a great warrior) for the successful battle against Moros under Sultan Mahumat of Jolo

A

The Battle of Urbiztondo

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3
Q

Religion

The first sad sonnet about his painful experiences in his teenage life that led him to contemplate for the Virgin Mary

A

To the Virgin Mary

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4
Q

Religion

Uses nature metaphors to illustrate how religion nourishes and strengthens education to spread virtue throughout society, just as an ivy relies on an elm tree for support, or as dew nourishes meadow flowers

A

Intimate Alliance Between Religion and Good Education

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5
Q

Religion

About the triumphant entry of King Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella II of Castile into the city of Granada, Spain

A

Triumphant Entry of the Catholic Monarchs into Granada

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6
Q

Religion

A one-act zarzuela that wrestles with faith and doubt in a Christian convert, questioning salvation and the true path amidst the backdrop of a pagan past.

A

Beside the Pasig

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7
Q

For the women he loved

Showcases the beauty, purity, and grace of a woman who stands out among her peers

A

Flowers among Flowers

Had no clear addressee

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8
Q

For the women he loved

Written for Leonor Rivera as Rizal left for Spain in 1882

A

Goodbye to Leonor

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9
Q

For the women he loved

A poem where Rizal bemoans the unrequited love he felt between him and Consuelo Ortega y Rey

A

To Ms. C. O. y R.

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10
Q

For the women he loved

Sung by Maria Clara’s character in NMT describing the beauty of one’s homeland and the sweetness of death endured for one’s nation

A

Song of Maria Clara

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11
Q

For the women he loved

A letter of reassurance written for his dulce extranjera (sweet foreigner) for their long distance relationship

A

Josephine, Josephine

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12
Q

For his family

First poem written in Ateneo in honor of his mother’s birthday

A

My First Inspiration

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13
Q

For his family

For Antonio Lopez, Narcisa’s husband (his brother-in-law), in recognition of his good deeds

A

Felicitation

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14
Q

For his family

A declamation piece he wrote upon the request of the members of Circulo Hispano-Filipino, reminiscing his childhood

A

They Asked Me For Verses

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15
Q

For his family

A poetic prayer that centers on a forget-me-not (a light blue spring flower) that evoked strong memories of his motherland’s beauty and resilience

This flower metaphorically reminds him of the Philippines while studying in Germany

A

To the Flowers of Heidelberg

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16
Q

For his family

A poem driven by emotional agony towards his family’s situation back at home while in Brussels

A

To My Muse

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17
Q

For his family

Requested by his mother as a narrative account on his tranquil life of exile in Dapitan

He lived a well-rounded life as a farmer, teacher, and merchant

A

My Retreat

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18
Q

For his family

His most celebrated poetic tribute to the country written the night before his execution

Previously entitled but renamed by Fr. Mariano Dacanay

A

My Last Farewell

Mi Ultimo Adios

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19
Q

For his family

A bitter attack against the friars for denying a Christian burial to a deceased Mariano Herbosa in Calamba for reasons of being affiliated to Rizal

A

Desecration/Profanation

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20
Q

For his friends

A birthday tribute he wrote for an Ateneo rector

A

Al M. R. P. Pablo Ramon

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21
Q

For his friends

A hymn created for the people of Lipa, Batangas to help reshape the moral and ethical values of the once Spanish-conquered society

Requested as a reaction to Spain’s passing of the 1888 Becerra Law allowing Filipinos to govern themselves and hold elections

A

Hymn To Labor

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22
Q

For his friends

A toast (Brindis) and veiled commentary delivered in honor of Juan Luna and Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo for bagging recognition in a prestigious Madrid art exhibit

A

Lighting a Dark Society

Brindis

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23
Q

For his friends

A witty defense of Blumentritt from the libelous attacks of his enemies

A

Cruelty

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24
Q

For his friends

In defense of Antonio Luna who was ridiculed by Pablo Mir Deas in the El Pueblo Soberano (Barcelona newspaper)

A

Inconsequences

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25
Q

In response to an anti-Filipino write-up by Patricio de la Escosura in an issue of La Defensa, refuting his views and redirecting the reader’s attention to the insidious influences of the friars to the country

A

A La Defensa

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25
Q

For the country

One of his works that champions education as the key to national progress, moral development, and societal freedom

A

Through Education, the Country Receives Light

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26
Q

For the country

A martial poem about the Battle of Lucena and the defeat and capture of Boabdil, the last Moorish sultan of Granada

A

The Captivity and Triumph

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27
Q

For the country

A one-act allegorical play portraying Olympian gods debating on the merits of a work that criticized colonial education while advocating for Filipino identity

A

Councils of the Gods

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28
Q

For the country

Displays a nationalistic sentiment, glorifying the beauty and allure of the Philippines through personification and natural imagery.

A

To the Philippines

29
Q

For the country

An optimistic and powerful love song about the Philippines trying to liberate itself from Spanish injustice and bondage

A

Kundiman

30
Q

For the country

An excerpt that Basilio recites in the EF reflective of Spanish control over Philippine domain

Opposing elements chosen as representations (Spain = fire, Philippines = water) demonstrate their sheer immicsibility and inability to come together for a greater cause

A

Water and Fire

31
Q

For the country

First article written on Spanish soil and published in the Diyaryong Tagalog as Laong Laan

Established and extended his call for nationalism to his compatriots in Spain

A

Love of Country

32
Q

For the country

A four-part socio-political commentary on the situation of the Philippines under Spanish rule that analyzed the Spanish policy as a significant hindrance to Philippine progress

Was also published in La Solidaridad

A

The Philippines, a Century Hence

33
Q

For the country

A speech delivered at a lodge meeting for freemasons which emphasized the importance of those aforementioned concepts in achieving progress and uplifting society

A

Science, Virtue, and Labor

34
Q

For the country

A reply to Vicente Belloc Sanchez in La Patria (Madrid newspaper), addressing allegations that the provision of reforms to the Philippines would devastate the diplomatic rule of the Catholic friars

A

New Facts / New Truths

35
Q

For the country

An annotated work of Antonio de Morga about Spain’s colonization of the country to provide context and debunk misconceptions about pre-colonical Philippine history and culture

A

Sucesos Delas Islas Filipinas

Events of the Philippine Islands: An Annotation

36
Q

For his countrymen

A controversial Tagalog poem that was believed to be written at age 8; published posthumously

A

To My Fellow Children

37
Q

For his countrymen

To express love and appreciation for his hometown Calamba

A

In Memory of My Town

38
Q

For his countrymen

A poem that reveals Rizal’s stance on religion and how he encourages it to leverage education by supplying intellectual and spiritual nourishment

A

Intimate Alliance Between Religion and Good Education

39
Q

For his countrymen

An entry to the Liceo Artistico-Literario that was recognized as “impressive” by Spanish literary authorities

Was the foremost literary piece to display the nationalistic belief that Filipinos were the fair hope of the fatherland (Ang kabataan ang pag-asa ng bayan)

First presented in UST

A

To the Filipino Youth

Alternatively: To The Philippine Youth

40
Q

For his countrymen

A poem dedicated to Lipeños, who were working hard for the country
Emphasizes the importance of labor in society
Agriculture is the solution to poverty and the road to progress

A

Hymn to Labor

41
Q

For his countrymen

Rizal’s view on the government’s land-grabbing without compensation which drew attention to farmers’ plight

A

The Filipino Farmers

42
Q

For his countrymen

To oppose insults, charges, and accusations imposed by the Spaniards against natives that they were ignorant and depraved

A

The Truth For All

43
Q

For his countrymen

A reply to a biased article (“old truths”) in La Patria that ridiculed Filipinos asking for reforms

A

Differences

44
Q

For his countrymen

Denunciation of the racial prejudice of the Spanish against the brown Filipinos; instead, he conveyed his gratitude and tribute for the agony of the country

A

Tears and Laughters

45
Q

For his countrymen

Encouraged 20 young women in Malolos who petitioned to open a night school for education to have strong moral convictions that will empower them to stand up for their rights and refuse to submit to oppressors

A

To the Young Women of Malolos

46
Q

For his countrymen

An annotated work of Antonio de Morga about Spain’s colonization of the country to provide context and debunk misconceptions about pre-colonical Philippine history and culture

A

Sucesos Delas Islas Filipinas

Events of the Philippine Islands: An Annotation

47
Q

For his countrymen

A reply to Gov. Gen. Valeriano Weyler who upon visiting Calamba called him “ungrateful”

Clarified that fighting for equality and justice should not be seen as rebellion

A

Ingratitudes

48
Q

For his countrymen

Rationally challenged the stereotype of Filipinos being lazy, arguing that colonialism was the root cause of Filipinos’ lack of motivation, such as:
1. Limited educational opportunities
2. Forced labor systems
3. A stifling social structure

A

Indolence of the Filipinos

49
Q

For his countrymen

A letter explaining his decision to leave the Philippine and go into exile

A

To My Countrymen

50
Q

For his countrymen

Outlined the organization’s objectives, structure, and principles; deemed as the most important writing Rizal had made during his Hong Kong stay

The conception and establishment of the LLF was initially credited to Jose Ma. Basa

A

The Constitution of the La Liga Filipina

51
Q

For his countrymen

An essay condemning the actions of the Katipunan in their attempt to stage a bloody rebellion against Spanish injustice

Explained how such such approach would be counterproductive to their true goal, suggesting education to free them from domination

A

Rizal’s Manifesto to His People

52
Q

Education

Uses nature metaphors to illustrate how religion nourishes and strengthens education to spread virtue throughout society, just as an ivy relies on an elm tree for support, or as dew nourishes meadow flowers

A

Intimate Alliance Between Religion and Good Education

53
Q

Education

One of his works that champions education as the key to national progress, moral development, and societal freedom

A

Through Education, the Country Receives Light

54
Q

Education

A hymn written for his pupils in the town of Talisay, Dapitan, where they sang its tune by a tree that became their rendezvous

to let them know that they are still capable of doing something despite the late education

A

Hymn to Talisay

55
Q

Education

Exposed the futile conditions of elementary instruction (Spanish) in Philippine schools, a basic text medium that was discouraged for their poor effects on young students

Written as Laong Laan after his grand tour of Europe

A

The Town Schools of the Philippines

56
Q

For detractors and enemies

Exposed Vicente Barrantes’ (A Spanish academician) ignorance on the Tagalog theatrical art

A

Vicente Barrantes Teatro Tagalo

57
Q

For detractors and enemies

Manuscripts given to M. H. Del Pilar

A

Defense of the Noli

58
Q

For detractors and enemies

A satire pamphlet depicting a fictional spirited dialogue between St. Augustine and Fr. Rodriguez where the former was commissioned by God to remind the latter of his stupidity so that all men may laugh at him

Written as Dimas Alang and published in Barcelona

A

The Vision of Fray Rodriguez

59
Q

For detractors and enemies

A satirical phone call between a monk, Font (one of the priests who masterminded the banning of the Noli) and the provincial friar of the San Agustin Convent in Manila

So essentially it mocks a friar chatting with a monk long-distance about banning a book

Sort of predicted overseas telephonic conversations

A

Por Telefono

60
Q

For detractors and enemies

An article containing 14 proverbs, 8 riddles, 2 poems, and puzzles

A

Specimens of the Tagal Folklore

61
Q

For the students

Last poem written by Rizal in Ateneo

A poignant tribute for his experiences and his classmates before graduation

A

A Farewell Dialogue of the Students

62
Q

For the students

A hymn written for his pupils in the town of Talisay, Dapitan, where they sang its tune by a tree that became their rendezvous

to let them know that they are still capable of doing something despite the late education

A

Hymn To Talisay

63
Q

For the students

Exposed the futile conditions of elementary instruction (Spanish) in Philippine schools, a basic text medium that was discouraged for their poor effects on young students

Written as Laong Laan after his grand tour of Europe

A

The Town Schools in the Philippines

64
Q

Travels

A poem describing the embarkation of Ferdinand Magellan’s fleet as they set sail from Barrameda to conquer unknown lands

A

The Departure: A Hymn to Ferdinand Magellan’s Fleet

65
Q

Travels

About Juan Sebastian Elcano (Magellan’s second-in-command) who took over the voyage when his master died in Mactan

A

The First to Circumnavigate the World

66
Q

Travels

A poem of praise to Christopher Columbus, the discoverer of America

A

The Heroism of Columbus

67
Q

Travels

A legend in verse of the tragic life of Columbus

A

Great Solace in Great Misfortune

68
Q

Travels

Speaks of Rizal’s homesickness despite his enjoyment of freedom abroad

Being a traveller encounters a lot of obstacles but it is important how we learn to manage them

A

Song of the Traveller / Song of the Wanderer

69
Q

Travels

Was returned to him because Diariong Tagalog had ceased publications due to lack of funds

A

Review of Madrid

70
Q

Travels

Tackled the rewards gained by people who have traveled to many places in the world

A

Travels

71
Q

Travels

Rizal’s newspaper article exposes the brutality of Spanish prisons by comparing it to the humane conditions found in Hong Kong’s longest-running colonial prison

A

A Visit to Victoria Gaol

Rizal (5 decks)

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