r&w Flashcards
(42 cards)
___ means looking at the readily visible parts of the text, like titles and subtitles and also visuals and graphs, pictures, and charts. ___ helps you become familiarized with the contents of the selection and focus on the important information in the text. To ___ the text properly, identify first your purpose for reading.
Previewing
___ the text means you look for the main point of the reading and identify the ideas that develop it. ___ effectively means physically moving your eyes rapidly along the page and tracing your finger along the lines of the text to speed up your reading. This skill also involves quickly going through beginning and concluding sentences of paragraphs because these usually talk about the topic of the text.
Skimming
___ the reading means looking for specific information. To ___ the text effectively, you need to have an idea of the details you are looking for. The instructions of your teacher or questions about the text may help you in knowing what to read. This strategy also involves physically moving your eyes quickly along the lines of text. You do not have to read every word; just read until you locate the details you are searching for. Scanning the text is especially useful when doing research or taking examinations.
Scanning
Means that as you read, you make sense of the text by seeing how it fits with what you already know. Your ___ ___ is informed by your experience; thus, the more you connect new knowledge and information to what you already know, the more your comprehension will increase.
Recalling Background Knowledge
___ ___are words, phrases, and sentences that surround an unfamiliar word that can help you recognize the meaning of an unknown word because the text gives you information about it.
Context Clues
___ are used when the text has words or phrases that are similar in meaning to the unknown word.
Synonyms
___ is a word that reveals the opposite meaning in relation to the unknown word.
Antonyms
___ are specific details in a text that are used to clarify the meaning of a word.
Examples
___ and definitions may be given as clues to describe an unknown term.
Explanations
___ in which a word is used can also be helpful in determining the meaning of that word. The meaning of a word may change depending on its context or how and where it is used.
Situations
___ is the basic, precise, literal meaning of the word that can be found in a dictionary.
Denotation
___ is the positive, negative, or neutral feelings, attitudes, ideas, or associations with a word. These
Connotation
Whenever you read something and you evaluate claims, seek definitions, judge information, demand proof, and question assumptions, you are thinking ___. This shows that you do not simply accept the message on the page. You bring to your reading your own experience and perspective, and use these to separate yourself from the text and judge for yourself what you consider important, logical, or right.
Critical Reading
Techniques to Help You Develop Critical Reading Skills
Keeping a Reading Journal, Annotating the Text, Outlining the Text, Summarizing the Text, Questioning the Text
first stage of the writing process is ___, which pertains to different techniques that help you discover ideas before writing the first draft of a paper. you use a variety of strategies to find out things that interest you about a topic or new ways of thinking about it. It also helps you identify what else you need to know about a topic. This is valuable and time-saving because determining a focus early in the writing process will help you effectively plan and execute your research and writing.
Pre-Writing
Determining the Writing Situation
knowing the kind of paper, writing situation, purpose, reason
Pre-Writing Strategies
Brainstorming, Clustering
___ is one of the better and more popular methods of discovering your writing topic. All you need to do is begin at the top of a sheet of paper and list down everything that comes into your mind as fast as you can for a certain amount of time
Brainstorming
___ or mapping is another technique that you can use to find your writing topic. Start by writing a word or phrase at the center of the page and encircle it; this becomes your main topic. Then, think of other words and phrases related to that main topic, write them down, encircle them, and draw lines connecting them to the main topic. These become your subtopics. From there, you can branch off the subtopics with other supporting ideas, or you can think of new subtopics related again to the main topic. Just make sure that each word or phrase you write down is connected to the word or phrase that suggested it.
Clustering
It derives from the Greek word ___, meaning conclusion or inference. A simple ___ definition is that it’s a form of deductive reasoning where you arrive at a specific conclusion by examining premises or ideas.
Syllogism
TYPES OF SYLLOGISM
Categorical Syllogism, Conditional Syllogism, Disjunctive Syllogism, Enthymemes,
___ syllogisms follow an, “If A is part of C, then B is part of C” logic.
Categorical Syllogism
“If A is true, then B is true” pattern of logic. They’re often referred to as hypothetical syllogisms because the arguments aren’t always valid. Sometimes they’re merely an accepted truth.
Conditional Syllogism
“Either A or B is true, if A is false, then B is true” premise. They don’t state if a major or minor premise is correct. But it’s understood that one of them is correct.
Disjunctive Syllogism
