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Biofilms > Quorum sensing > Flashcards

Quorum sensing Flashcards

1
Q

What is quorum sensing ?

A

cell-cell signalling to coord expression of virulence in density related process

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2
Q

What are the names the two QS genes?

A

I and R

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3
Q

What does the I gene do?

A

encode autoinducer (AIs) synthase, can cross CM

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4
Q

What does the R gene do?

A

encodes transcriptional activator protein

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5
Q

What causes AI to bind to the transcriptional activator ?

A

increase in AI concentration (due to high concentration of cells) to the threshold

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6
Q

What do rhamnolipids do?

A

prevent successful polymorph attack by causing rapid lysis of polymorphs

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7
Q

How is the rhamnolipid and PMN interaction measured experimentally ?

A

leakage of PMN measured by lactate dehydrogenase

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8
Q

What does Dynorphin do?

A

induces QS in PA and rhamnolipids

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9
Q

What is the structure of Dynorphin?

A

endogenous K-agonist belonging to opioid peptides

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10
Q

What are the two QS regulators in PA?

A

master regulator and workhorse regulator

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11
Q

What is the AI2 precursor?

A

DPD

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12
Q

What is LuxS?

A

enzyme involved in AI2

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13
Q

What is LuxP?

A

regulatory system of AI2

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14
Q

What are diffusible signal factors ?

A

AI of biofilm dispersal
interspecie signalling
cis-unsaturated fatty acids

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15
Q

What disperses a PA biofilm?

A

CDA

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16
Q

What disperses a Burkholderia biofilm?

A

BDSF

17
Q

What disperses a Burkholderia biofilm?

A

BDSF

18
Q

What does diketopiperazine do?

A

inhibit QS
are secondary metabolites consisting of cyclic dipeptides
inhibit cell synthase (AI)

19
Q

What does AgrC do?

A

encodes AI peptide membrane sensor

20
Q

What does ArgD do?

A

precursor of AIP

21
Q

What does ArgB do?

A

transmembrane protein secreting AIP

22
Q

What does ArgA do?

A

response regulator phosphorylated by ArgC

23
Q

What does a decrease in nitric oxide do?

A

decreases c-di-GMP = turn off biofilm traits = dispersal

24
Q

What does pqs do?

A

contribute to gene regulation independent of its ability to activate pqsR and induce iron starvation response

25
Q

What is the precursor of pqs?

A

HHQ

26
Q

What does HHQ do?

A

pqs precursor
triggers pqsR-dependent +ve feedback loop = increase expression of pqsABCDE operon

27
Q

What does pqsE regulate?

A

genes coding virulence

28
Q

Which autoinducers control the Las and Rhl systems?

A

acyl-homoserine lactone AIs
- N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine
- N-butyryl-L-homoserine lactone

29
Q

Name two QS inhibitors

A

las B-grp fusion
furanone

Biofilms (6 decks)

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