phylloplane

Question 1

What is the rhizosphere ?

Answer 1

below ground habitat colonised by microbes

Question 2

What is the phyllosphere ?

Answer 2

Aerial plant habitat (plant structures above ground) colonised by microbes

Question 3

What are epiphytes?

Answer 3

Microbes

Question 4

What is the on line in situ monitoring mechanism ?

Answer 4

Robbins- type devices

Question 5

What is the off line pilot scale monitoring mechanism?

Answer 5

several km rigs
e.g Nancy, kuopio, kempton

Question 6

what are the off line lab mechanisms ?

Answer 6

flow cell, chemostats, annular reactors, propella

Question 7

What genes are responsible for transcription of core structures of nitrogen fixers?

Answer 7

flavonoids/ nod genes

Question 8

What are the features of argobacterium?

Answer 8

ca2+ dependent adhesin, EPS, cellulose fibres

Question 9

What plant disease give evidence of subsurface invasion via stoma

Answer 9

By studying citrus cranker.

Question 10

What is GFP bacteria ?

Answer 10

strain of bacteria engineered to produce green fluorescent protein

Question 11

What does EDIC/EF combined with EF live tracking GFP salmonella on leaves show?

Answer 11

1. start off with bacteria in cell margins all over leaf
2. within 2 hours bacteria in cell margins and stomatal apertures

Question 12

How is the mutant csgB salmonella different?

Answer 12

mutant strain partly lacking curly fimbriae
but does not show difference in attachment

Question 13

How does salmonella bacteria move across the leaf surface ?

Answer 13

any free water on surface allows them to seek refuge in cell margins and somata ( less hostile enviro)
biofilm forms

Question 14

How are salad leaves adapted?

Answer 14

• bind very tightly to resist removal by washing
• form biofilms to adhere better and shield from chemical sanitisers e.g chlorine

Question 15

What are the temperatures of the two sites biofilms are studied: mains disruption supplies and building plumbing systems

Answer 15

Mains 4-20 C
Building plumbing 20-60C

Question 16

What are MBEC high-throughput assays used for?

Answer 16

determine efficiency of antimicrobial agents on polymicorbial biofilms
Biofilms established on pegs under batch conditions

Question 17

what is the difference between lab flow cell and removable flow cell?

Answer 17

lab flow cell = not robust, low shear, slow flow
Removable = robust, higher shear

Question 18

What does ATR-FTIR Ge crystal flow cell measure?

Answer 18

vibrations

Question 19

which Robbins device has higher pressure. in line or lab?

Answer 19

in line

Question 20

What are the possible disadvantages of annular reactor models?

Answer 20

swirling current effect (eddy)
x and y gradients

Question 21

What are the possible disadvantages for chemostat models?

Answer 21

shear forces not completely controlled
but well mixed (more than annular reactors)

Question 22

What are the conditions for chemostat and annular models?

Answer 22

pH, nutrients, open flow system, no leaks
control hydraulic retention through flow rate

Question 23

what is the name of the model which combines the best of the chemostat and annular reactors?

Answer 23

Propella