Quizzies (Vertebral Artery & Miscellaneous Cervical )

Question 1

The vertebral artery on which side is typically larger?

Answer 1

Left vertebral artery

Question 2

What is the gender bias regarding size of the vertebral artery?

Answer 2

Men have larger vertebral arteries than women

Question 3

What was the name of the physical exam used to determine vertebral artery patency?

Answer 3

The vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency test

Question 4

Which side artery was tested during the course of the vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency exam?

Answer 4

The ipsilateral artery on the side of rotation

Question 5

What are the symptoms of failure of the vertebral artery to compensate during the vertebrobasilar arery insufficiency exam?

Answer 5

Dizziness, vertigo, nausea are common complaints

Question 6

The vertebral artery is typically a branch of which artery?

Answer 6

Subclavian artery

Question 7

Typically, at what vertebral level will the vertebral artery first become located in the transverse foramen?

Answer 7

C6

Question 8

At what location will the vertebral artery form its first compensatory loop?

Answer 8

The atlanto-axial interspace

Question 9

At what location will the vertebral artery form its second compensatory loop?

Answer 9

The atlanto-occipital interspace

Question 10

At what segments will the vertebral artery be firmly attached to the transverse foramen?

Answer 10

Both C1 and C2

Question 11

What is the purpose of the vertebral artery loops between C2, C1, and occiput?

Answer 11

The increased length will accommodate the greater rotation at these locations

Question 12

What happens to the vertebral artery as it enters the vertebral foramen of C1?

Answer 12

The adventitia of the artery blends with the dura mater and arachnoid mater; as a result, the artery lies in the subarachnoid space

Question 13

What happens to the vertebral artery after it enters the subarachnoid space at C1?

Answer 13

The vertebral artery ascends along the medulla oblongata to the pontine-medullary junction where the right and left arteries unite to form the basilar artery

Question 14

What joint classifications are present at C7?

Answer 14

Synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia), modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar), fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, and cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis

Question 15

What forms the boundaries for the exit of the C1 nerve from the spinal canal?

Answer 15

Occipital condyle, superior articular process of C1, capsular ligament, arcuate rim, groove for the vertebral artery, posterior atlanto-occipital ligament

Question 16

What forms the anterior boundary for the C2 nerve exit from the spinal canal?

Answer 16

Inferior articular process of C1, superior articular process of C2, capsular ligament

Question 17

What forms the posterior boundary for the C2 nerve exit from the spinal canal?

Answer 17

The posterior arch of C1, lamina of C2, and posterior atlanto-axial ligament

Question 18

What forms the anterior boundary for the C3-C7 nerve exit from the spinal canal?

Answer 18

The vertebral bodies, intervertebral disc, posterior longitudinal ligament, uncinate process, lateral groove

Question 19

What forms the anterior boundary for the C8 nerve exit from the spinal canal?

Answer 19

The vertebral bodies of C7 and T1, intervertebral disc, posterior longitudinal ligament, capsular ligament of the costocentral joint, superior costal facet of T1, and articular surface of the first rib

Question 20

What are the superior articular facet orientations for the cervical vertebrae?

Answer 20

C1 is backward, upward, and medial (BUM); C2 is backward, upward, lateral (BUL); C3-C7 is backward upward, and medial (BUM)

Question 21

What are the inferior articular facet orientations for the cervical vertebrae?

Answer 21

C1 is backward, downward and medial (BMD); C2-C6 is forward, downward, lateral (FoLD); C7 is forward, downward, medial (ForMeD)

Question 22

How many synovial joints are identified for each cervical vertebra?

Answer 22

C1 = five, C2 = eight, C3-C6 = eight, C7 = six

Question 23

How many joints are identified at the vertebral body of each cervical vertebra?

Answer 23

C1 = none, C2 = ten, C3-C6 = ten, C7 eight