Quizzies (Typical Cervical Vertebrae C3-C6) Flashcards
Which mammals have more than seven cervical vertebrae?
Ant bear, three-toed sloth
Which mammals have less than seven cervical vertebrae?
Two-toed sloth, manatee
Which vertebrae are typical cervicals?
C3-C6
Which vertebrae are atypical cervicals?
C1, C2, C7
What is the shape of the typical cervical vertebral body from the cranial view?
Rectangular
What is the appearance for the typical cervical vertebral body from the lateral view?
Posterior height is greater than anterior height by a few millimeters
What would be the direction of the cervical curve based on osseous features?
Posterior or kyphotic
What accounts for the direction of the typical cervical curve?
The intervertebral disc height
What is the direction of the typical cervical curve?
Anterior or lordotic
At which vertebral couple will the cervical curve again increase intervertebral disc height?
C5/C6
What are the modifications of the superior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?
Anterior groove, posterior groove, right and left uncinate processes
What are the names of the lateral modifications of the superior epiphyseal rim?
Uncinate process, uniform process, uncovertebral process, uncus or lateral lip
What are the modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?
Anterior lip, posterior lip, right and left lateral grooves
What are the names given to the lateral modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim?
Lateral groove or enchancrure
What is the joint classification for the posterior lip-posterior groove articulation?
Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
What is the joint classification for the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?
Modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar)
What is the joint classification for the spongy bone-intervertebral disc articulation?
Cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
How many joint surfaces are present on the upper surface of a typical cervical vertebral body?
Five
How many joint surfaces are present on the lower surface of a typical cervical vertebral body?
Five
How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical?
Ten
How many synovial joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical?
Four
What muscle attaches to the typical cervical vertebral body?
The longus colli muscle
What is the orientation and angulation of the pedicle of a typical cervical?
Posterolateral, 45 degrees
What ligament attaches to the lamina of a typical cervical?
Ligamentum flavum
What joint classification will be associated with the ligamentum flavum and its attachment?
Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
Ossification of the ligamentum flavum at the attachment site on the lamina will result in what feature?
Para-articular processes
Ossification of the ligamentum flavum at the attachment site on the lamina will be associated with which classification of bone?
Accessory bone
What is the outline of the vertebral foramen of a typical cervical vertebra?
Heart-shaped or triangular
Ossification within the length of the ligamentum flavum will be associated with which classification of bone?
Heterotopic bone
Which is the greatest diameter of the vertebral foramen of typical cervicals?
Transverse
What soft tissue diameter mimics the outline of the typical cervical vertebral foramen?
The transverse diameter of the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord
The greatest transverse diameter of the typical cervical vertebra occurs at ________?
C6
The greatest frequency of osteophytes associated with the vertebral body occurs at which typical cervical vertebral couple?
C5/C6
List, in order, the osseous parts of the typical cervical vertebra transverse process beginning at the vertebral body.
Costal element, anterior tubercle, costotransverse bar, posterior tubercle, true transverse process
What muscles will attach to the anterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?
Anterior scalene, longus capitis, longus colli, anterior intertransversarii
What is the distal modification of the true transverse process of typical cervicals?
The posterior tubercle
What muscles may attach to the posterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?
Splenius cervicis, iliocostalis cervicis, longissimus cervicis, levator scapula, middle scalene, posterior scalene, rotators, and posterior intertransversarii
What muscles will attach to the costotransverse bar?
Middle scalene and posterior intertransversarii
What is the name given to the collective rib-forming region?
The pleurapophysis
What is the name given to the superior margin of the costotransverse bar?
Sulcus for the ventral primary ramus of a cervical spinal nerve
What is the orientation and angulation of a typical cervical transverse process?
60 degrees anterolaterally (from midsagittal plane), 15 degrees inferiorly (from the horizontal plane)
What is the name given to the modification of the anterior tubercle of the C6 transverse process?
The carotid tubercle
What will occupy the typical cervical vertebra transverse foramen?
The vertebral artery, vertebral venous plexus, and postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fibers
What is the name of the lamina-pedicle junction of typical cervical vertebrae?
The articular pillar
What is the name of the surface feature observed between the ends of the articular pillar?
The groove/sulcus for the dorsal ramus of a cervical spinal nerve
What nerve indents the articular pillar of a typical cervical vertebrae?
The medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a cervical spinal nerve
What is the classic angulation of typical cervical articular facets?
40 to 45 degrees from the coronal plane
What is the orientation of the typical cervical superior articular facet?
Backward, upward, medial (BUM)
What is the orientation of the typical cervical inferior articular facet?
Forward, lateral, downward (FoLD)
What muscles will attach to typical cervical articular processes?
The longissimus capitis, longissimus cervicis, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, multifidis, and rotators
What muscles blend with the capsular ligament of cervical zygapophyses?
The semispinalis capitis, multifidis, and rotator longus
What modifications of the synovial joint are observed in the cervical spine?
Meniscoidal folds
The greatest range of flexion-extension among the typical cervical vertebrae occurs at which vertebral couple?
Typically C5/C6
What motions are coupled in the cervical spine?
Lateral bending and axial rotation
Ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will be similar for what cervical vertebral couples?
The C2/C3, C3/C4, C4/C5 vertebral couples
Ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will begin to decrease at what cervical vertebral couple?
The C5/C6 vertebral couple
What muscles may attach to the typical cervical spinous process?
The spinalis cervicis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotators, and interspinalis
