Quizzes & Vignettes Flashcards
What is the difference between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Language Disorder?
Autism has social/communication impairments but may not have specific language deficits. Language Disorder does not include restrictive/repetitive behavior patterns.
How are communication disorders different than learning disorders?
Communication disorders impair language use and/or comprehension.
Learning disorder impairs acquisition and use of academic skills.
Inattention and hyperactivity from ADHD could be mistaken for symptoms of what other disorder(s)?
Intellectual Disability, Specific Learning Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder or an Adjustment Disorder.
Diagnostic Formulation: An elementary school child has trouble initiating and maintaining conversations. He appears to understand words, but is flustered when speaking. He wants friends, and has companions at lunch and after school. What disorder would you consider?
Social Communciation Disorder. Language abilities are intact, is not a language disorder. Expressed social interest rules out Social Anxiety Disorder.
A 20-year-old has been showing 6 weeks of increasingly eccentric behavior; he believes people are talking to him when no one is present. His speech pattern has changed, he is isolated and withdrawn. He is living with his girlfriend and is still attending school. What disorder(s) would you be considering?
Appears to be Schizophrenia in prodromal phase, currently Schizophreniform (duration is less than 6 months).
A man reports being depressed often, and sometimes feels “crazy” due to having thoughts he recognizes as irrational when he isn’t depressed. Which symptoms would support a diagnosis of Delusional Disorder instead of Schizotypal Personality Disorder?
Delusional Disorder requires non-bizarre delusions for at least 1 month; assess to determine duration and content of “crazy” thoughts. Schizotypal Disorder requires impairments across multiple life domains.
22-year-old male client reports bursts of elation for 4-5 days at a time, followed by depression. This has been happening for several years. He uses drugs that prolong the high, but never gets “drunk or wasted.” What disorder(s) would you consider?
Cyclothymic Disorder (hypomanic episodes followed by depression lasting 2+ years).
A client speaking with rapid/pressured speech reports difficulty sleeping twice a week. She attributes problems with impulse control to lack of sleep, but you suspect she may have bipolar disorder. What disorder(s) would you consider?
Other Specified Bipolar Disorder. Client has short-term hypomanic episodes lasting 2-3 days, and there is no report of major depressive episodes.
A child of 12 years old has frequent temper tantrums at school and home. This has been occurring for about a year; her parents suspect she is depressed. What disorder(s) would you consider?
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder, No aggressive or vindictive behaviors, so Oppositional Defiant Disorder is ruled out.
What provisional disorder(s) would you consider for a client reporting 3-4 symptoms of depression for less than 2 weeks?
Other Specified Depressive Disorder (insufficient symptoms for other depressive disorders).
A woman refuses to go on a camping trip because she is afraid of seeing a snake. Even at the mention of the word “snake”, she becomes anxious. What disorder(s) would you consider?
Specific Phobia (fears are focused on a specific object).
A man frequently cancels plans out of fear that going out in public will cause a panic attack. If he goes in public, he fears help won’t be available. When he is outside, he notices increasing physical symptoms. What disorder(s) would you consider?
Agoraphobia (symptoms may indicate panic, but concerns are directed towards avoidance than about the panic attack itself).
A crisis is a _________ that requires _________ to __________.
severe interruption in mental health, direct intervention, prevent harm
Child abuse should be reported to law enforcement or Child Protective Services ___________, with a written report within _______________.
- immediately
- 36 hours
Elder/dependent adult abuse should be reported to law enforcement or Adult Protective Services ___________, with a written report within _______________.
- immediately
- 2 working days
An elder has serious bodily harm due to physical abuse in a long-term facility. What legal actions is the therapist required to make?
- Contact law enforcement immediately
- Written report to law enforcement and ombudsman within 2 hours
What legal actions must a therapist take if an elder is abused in a long-term facility, but does not incur serious bodily harm?
- Contact law enforcement and ombudsman in 24 hours
- Written report to law enforcement and ombudsman within 24 hours
What are the legal actions required for Tarasoff situations?
- Must have an identifiable victim, specific threat
- Notify law enforcement in 24 hours
- Document incident thoroughly
What constitutes a Tarasoff situation?
Specific plan and threat to harm an identifiable victim or victims.
Is Hoarding Disorder characterized by obsessions, compulsions, or both?
Both. Hoarding obsessions are accumulating objects and distress when getting rid of them. Compulsions are saving the objects and resistance to throwing them away.
Describe obsessions and compulsions related to Body Dysmorphic Disorder.
Body dysmorphia obsessions focus on imperfect body part(s) and ideations of perfection around it. Compulsions would be actions taken on the part(s) like checking, altering, covering, seeking reassurance, etc.
What are intrusion symptoms related to PTSD?
Distressing memories, dreams, flashbacks and psychological/physiological distress related to trauma.
What are the criteria for a traumatic event in DSM 5?
There must be exposure to actual/threatened death, injury, or sexual violation. Must be directly experienced/witnessed, happened to a loved one or repeated exposure (first responder).
A client reports feeling “so weird. I can see myself walking around and doing things, but my thoughts are totally separate.” What disorders would you be considering?
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder.
A 25-year-old female is referred by her parents, who report that she sometimes seems strange and disjointed in conversation. She appears to be “someone else” to them due to disorganized speech and will carry on conversations with her deceased grandmother in this state. What disorders would you be considering?
Schizophrenia/psychotic disorder.
A client is showing symptoms of dissociation. What information is needed to rule out a Dissociative Disorder in favor of PTSD?
Avoidance, arousal, and negative cognitions/emotions would need to be present for a PTSD diagnosis.
