quiz questions

Question 1

1. Pharmacokinetics is defined as:
   Optional Answers:
2. The effects our bodies have on drugs
3. How drugs effect our bodies
4. How drugs are attracted to each other

Answer 1

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Question 2

2. Which of the following describes the pharmacokinetic processes?
   Optional Answers:
3. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination
4. Administration, Delivery, Medication, Excretion
5. Allocation, Distribution, Mediation, Evaluation

Answer 2

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Question 3

3. Describes the amount of drug entering circulation after overcoming physical, chemical, and biological barriers.
   Optional Answers:
4. Absorption 2. Distribution 3. Metabolism 4. Elimination

Answer 3

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Question 4

4. First pass metabolism occurs with which of the following routes of administration?
   Optional Answers:
5. Enteral
6. Parenteral
7. Transdermal
8. Mucous membrane

Answer 4

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Question 5

5. The __________________________ prevents passive diffusion of drugs into the cerebral area.
   Optional Answers:
6. Blood brain barrier 2. Cerebral sphincter 3. Cerebral spinal fluid 4. Vagus nerve

Answer 5

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Question 6

6. The overall goal of hepatic metabolism is:
   Optional Answers:
7. Make molecules more hydrophilic to leave the body 2. Make molecules more lipophilic to enter the brain 3. Make molecules less toxic
8. Make molecules inactive

Answer 6

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Question 7

7. Which of the following induces metabolism of CYP450 1A2 enzymes?
   Optional Answers:
8. Smoking
9. Nicotine gum
10. Bupropion
11. All of these

Answer 7

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Question 8

8. Generally, in therapeutic drug monitoring, a serum concentration should be checked at steady state. This is achieved:
   Optional Answers:
9. After 4.5 half-lives
10. After 1 week
11. Following the first dose
12. 12 hours after the last dose

Answer 8

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Question 9

1. Pharmacodynamics is defined as:
   Optional Answers:
2. How drugs effect our bodies
3. The effects our bodies have on drugs
4. How drugs are attracted to each other

Answer 9

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Question 10

2. A drug with a narrow therapeutic index has:
   Optional Answers:
3. A small window between therapeutic effects and toxic effects
4. Toxic effects at small doses
5. Therapeutic effects at large doses
6. A large variability of effects

Answer 10

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Question 11

3. When interacting with a receptor, an antagonist:
   Optional Answers:
4. Maintains the baseline activity of the receptor
5. Prevents all activity of the receptor
6. Stimulates (“turns on”) the receptor

Answer 11

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Question 12

4. Which is an example of a medications class that targets neurotransmitter metabolism?
   Optional Answers:
5. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
6. VMAT2 inhibitors
7. Antipsychotics
8. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Answer 12

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Question 13

5. When a medication interacts with a ligand-gated ion channel, it:
   Optional Answers:
6. Produces a conformational change adjusting the flow of ions through the channel
7. Blocks all ions from passing through the channel
8. Changes the charge of the channel, producing flow in a different direction

Answer 13

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Question 14

1. Communication between neurons is accomplished with:
   Optional Answers:
2. Neurotransmitters
3. Electrical impulses
4. Serum proteins
5. Water diffusion

Answer 14

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Question 15

2. Neurotransmission results in:
   Optional Answers:
3. Gene expression
4. Static electricity
5. Cognitive impairment
6. Warp travel

Answer 15

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Question 16

3. Behavior can be affected by gene expression.
   Optional Answers:
4. True 2. False

Answer 16

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Question 17

1. Activity at which of these receptors makes an antipsychotic “atypical”?
   Optional Answers:
2. 5HT2A
3. D2
4. H1
5. M1

Answer 17

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Question 18

2. Atypical antipsychotics vary in their affinities for receptors, which confers:
   Optional Answers:
3. Differences in side effect profiles 2. Differences in efficacy
4. Differences in affordability

Answer 18

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Question 19

3. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with excessive dopaminergic activity in which pathway?
   Optional Answers:
4. Mesolimbic pathway
5. Mesocortical pathway
6. Nigrostriatal pathway
7. Tuberoinfundibular pathway

Answer 19

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Question 20

4. Which symptoms of schizophrenia impair functioning the most?
   Optional Answers:
5. Negative symptoms 2. Positive symptoms

Answer 20

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Question 21

5. Generally speaking, which side effects are shared by the “pines” (clozapine, olanzapine)?
   Optional Answers:
6. Sedation, weight gain, and anticholinergic effects
7. EPS and hyperprolactinemia
8. Weight loss and akathisia
9. Tardive dyskinesia, hypotension, and dystonic reactions

Answer 21

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Question 22

6. Generally speaking, which side effects are shared by the “dones” (risperidone, ziprasidone)?
   Optional Answers:
7. EPS and hyperprolactinemia
8. Sedation and anticholinergic effects
9. Weight gain and hypertension
10. Constipation, dry mouth, and hypotension

Answer 22

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Question 23

7. Generally speaking, which side effects are shared by the “2 pips and a rip” (aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, cariprazine)?
   Optional Answers:
8. Weight neutrality and low sedation
9. Constipation, dry mouth, and hypotension
10. EPS and hyperprolactinemia
11. Sedation, weight gain, and anticholinergic effects

Answer 23

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Question 24

8. Which group of antipsychotics should be taken with food to ensure absorption?
   Optional Answers:
9. Lurasidone and ziprasidone
10. Asenapine and quetiapine
11. Risperidone and clozapine
12. Olanzapine and aripiprazole

Answer 24

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Question 25

9. Pimavanserin is an antipsychotic that uniquely is missing activity at which receptor?
   Optional Answers:
10. D2
11. 5HT2A 3. H1
12. M1

Answer 25

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Question 26

10. Clozapine has a number of serious side effects, including:
    Optional Answers:
11. Agranulocytosis, myocarditis, and seizures
12. Thrombocytopenia, constipation, and sedation
13. Anorexia, withdrawal, agranulocytosis
14. DKA, increased suicidality, dystonic reactions

Answer 26

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Question 27

11. Which of these antipsychotics is the gold standard for efficacy in treating schizophrenia, especially if treatment-resistant?
    Optional Answers:
12. Clozapine
13. Aripiprazole
14. Haloperidol
15. Chlorpromazine

Answer 27

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Question 28

12. According to the APA Choosing Wisely initiative, antipsychotics should NOT be used first line for:
    Optional Answers:
13. All of these
14. Insomnia
15. Psychosis in patients with dementia
16. Children without a psychotic disorder

Answer 28

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Question 29

1. The main excitatory neurotransmitter is:
   Optional Answers:
2. Glutamate
3. GABA
4. Acetylcholine
5. Serotonin

Answer 29

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Question 30

2. Stimulating serotonin 5HT2A receptors has what effect on dopamine (DA)?
   Optional Answers:
3. Inhibits DA release
4. Increases DA release
5. Has no effect of DA
6. Acts as an antagonist at DA receptors

Answer 30

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Question 31

3. Monoamines are removed from the synapse by which of these mechanisms?
   Optional Answers:
4. All of these
5. Norepinephrine transporters
6. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) A or B
7. Serotonin transporters

Answer 31

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Question 32

1. Lithium therapy is associated with which of these side effects:
   Optional Answers:
2. Hypothyroidism 2. Weight loss
3. Urinary retention 4. Insomnia

Answer 32

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Question 33

2. Which of the following statements describes lithium pharmacokinetics?
   Optional Answers:
3. Lithium is 100% renally eliminated
4. Lithium is metabolized by CYP1A2
5. Lithium’s half-life is 4 hours
6. Lithium achieves steady state in 1-2 weeks

Answer 33

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Question 34

3. Which of these are side effects of valproic acid/divalproex?
   Optional Answers:
4. All of these
5. Thrombocytopenia
6. Pancreatitis
7. Polycystic ovary syndrome

Answer 34

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Question 35

4. Which of the following statements describes valproic acid pharmacokinetics?
   Optional Answers:
5. Valproic acid is highly protein bound
6. Valproic acid is not hepatically metabolized 3. Valproic acid achieves steady state in 7 days
7. Valproic acid’s half-life is 72 hours

Answer 35

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Question 36

5. Which of these side effects is associated with carbamazepine?
   Optional Answers:
6. Agranulocytosis 2. Hypernatremia 3. Iron deficiency 4. Weight loss

Answer 36

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Question 37

6. What is a problematic aspect of carbamazepine that makes it difficult to use with other medications?
   Optional Answers:
7. Induces several CYP450 enzyme systems
8. Few drug-drug interactions
9. Short half-life of 3 hours
10. Requires genetic testing in patients of African descent

Answer 37

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Question 38

7. Which of these side effects is associated with lamotrigine?
   Optional Answers:
8. Rash
9. Urinary retention
10. Bradycardia
11. Diarrhea

Answer 38

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Question 39

8. Which of these are side effects of valproic acid/divalproex?
   Optional Answers:
9. All of these
10. Thrombocytopenia
11. Pancreatitis
12. Polycystic ovary syndrome

Answer 39

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