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quiz questions Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Pharmacokinetics is defined as:
    Optional Answers:
  2. The effects our bodies have on drugs
  3. How drugs effect our bodies
  4. How drugs are attracted to each other
A

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2
Q
  1. Which of the following describes the pharmacokinetic processes?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination
  3. Administration, Delivery, Medication, Excretion
  4. Allocation, Distribution, Mediation, Evaluation
A

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3
Q
  1. Describes the amount of drug entering circulation after overcoming physical, chemical, and biological barriers.
    Optional Answers:
  2. Absorption 2. Distribution 3. Metabolism 4. Elimination
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4
Q
  1. First pass metabolism occurs with which of the following routes of administration?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Enteral
  3. Parenteral
  4. Transdermal
  5. Mucous membrane
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5
Q
  1. The __________________________ prevents passive diffusion of drugs into the cerebral area.
    Optional Answers:
  2. Blood brain barrier 2. Cerebral sphincter 3. Cerebral spinal fluid 4. Vagus nerve
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6
Q
  1. The overall goal of hepatic metabolism is:
    Optional Answers:
  2. Make molecules more hydrophilic to leave the body 2. Make molecules more lipophilic to enter the brain 3. Make molecules less toxic
  3. Make molecules inactive
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7
Q
  1. Which of the following induces metabolism of CYP450 1A2 enzymes?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Smoking
  3. Nicotine gum
  4. Bupropion
  5. All of these
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8
Q
  1. Generally, in therapeutic drug monitoring, a serum concentration should be checked at steady state. This is achieved:
    Optional Answers:
  2. After 4.5 half-lives
  3. After 1 week
  4. Following the first dose
  5. 12 hours after the last dose
A

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9
Q
  1. Pharmacodynamics is defined as:
    Optional Answers:
  2. How drugs effect our bodies
  3. The effects our bodies have on drugs
  4. How drugs are attracted to each other
A

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10
Q
  1. A drug with a narrow therapeutic index has:
    Optional Answers:
  2. A small window between therapeutic effects and toxic effects
  3. Toxic effects at small doses
  4. Therapeutic effects at large doses
  5. A large variability of effects
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11
Q
  1. When interacting with a receptor, an antagonist:
    Optional Answers:
  2. Maintains the baseline activity of the receptor
  3. Prevents all activity of the receptor
  4. Stimulates (“turns on”) the receptor
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12
Q
  1. Which is an example of a medications class that targets neurotransmitter metabolism?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
  3. VMAT2 inhibitors
  4. Antipsychotics
  5. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
A

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13
Q
  1. When a medication interacts with a ligand-gated ion channel, it:
    Optional Answers:
  2. Produces a conformational change adjusting the flow of ions through the channel
  3. Blocks all ions from passing through the channel
  4. Changes the charge of the channel, producing flow in a different direction
A

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14
Q
  1. Communication between neurons is accomplished with:
    Optional Answers:
  2. Neurotransmitters
  3. Electrical impulses
  4. Serum proteins
  5. Water diffusion
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15
Q
  1. Neurotransmission results in:
    Optional Answers:
  2. Gene expression
  3. Static electricity
  4. Cognitive impairment
  5. Warp travel
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16
Q
  1. Behavior can be affected by gene expression.
    Optional Answers:
  2. True 2. False
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17
Q
  1. Activity at which of these receptors makes an antipsychotic “atypical”?
    Optional Answers:
  2. 5HT2A
  3. D2
  4. H1
  5. M1
A

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18
Q
  1. Atypical antipsychotics vary in their affinities for receptors, which confers:
    Optional Answers:
  2. Differences in side effect profiles 2. Differences in efficacy
  3. Differences in affordability
A

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19
Q
  1. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with excessive dopaminergic activity in which pathway?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Mesolimbic pathway
  3. Mesocortical pathway
  4. Nigrostriatal pathway
  5. Tuberoinfundibular pathway
A

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20
Q
  1. Which symptoms of schizophrenia impair functioning the most?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Negative symptoms 2. Positive symptoms
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21
Q
  1. Generally speaking, which side effects are shared by the “pines” (clozapine, olanzapine)?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Sedation, weight gain, and anticholinergic effects
  3. EPS and hyperprolactinemia
  4. Weight loss and akathisia
  5. Tardive dyskinesia, hypotension, and dystonic reactions
A

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22
Q
  1. Generally speaking, which side effects are shared by the “dones” (risperidone, ziprasidone)?
    Optional Answers:
  2. EPS and hyperprolactinemia
  3. Sedation and anticholinergic effects
  4. Weight gain and hypertension
  5. Constipation, dry mouth, and hypotension
A

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23
Q
  1. Generally speaking, which side effects are shared by the “2 pips and a rip” (aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, cariprazine)?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Weight neutrality and low sedation
  3. Constipation, dry mouth, and hypotension
  4. EPS and hyperprolactinemia
  5. Sedation, weight gain, and anticholinergic effects
A

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24
Q
  1. Which group of antipsychotics should be taken with food to ensure absorption?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Lurasidone and ziprasidone
  3. Asenapine and quetiapine
  4. Risperidone and clozapine
  5. Olanzapine and aripiprazole
A

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25
Q
  1. Pimavanserin is an antipsychotic that uniquely is missing activity at which receptor?
    Optional Answers:
  2. D2
  3. 5HT2A 3. H1
  4. M1
A

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26
Q
  1. Clozapine has a number of serious side effects, including:
    Optional Answers:
  2. Agranulocytosis, myocarditis, and seizures
  3. Thrombocytopenia, constipation, and sedation
  4. Anorexia, withdrawal, agranulocytosis
  5. DKA, increased suicidality, dystonic reactions
A

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27
Q
  1. Which of these antipsychotics is the gold standard for efficacy in treating schizophrenia, especially if treatment-resistant?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Clozapine
  3. Aripiprazole
  4. Haloperidol
  5. Chlorpromazine
A

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28
Q
  1. According to the APA Choosing Wisely initiative, antipsychotics should NOT be used first line for:
    Optional Answers:
  2. All of these
  3. Insomnia
  4. Psychosis in patients with dementia
  5. Children without a psychotic disorder
A

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29
Q
  1. The main excitatory neurotransmitter is:
    Optional Answers:
  2. Glutamate
  3. GABA
  4. Acetylcholine
  5. Serotonin
A

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30
Q
  1. Stimulating serotonin 5HT2A receptors has what effect on dopamine (DA)?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Inhibits DA release
  3. Increases DA release
  4. Has no effect of DA
  5. Acts as an antagonist at DA receptors
A

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31
Q
  1. Monoamines are removed from the synapse by which of these mechanisms?
    Optional Answers:
  2. All of these
  3. Norepinephrine transporters
  4. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) A or B
  5. Serotonin transporters
A

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32
Q
  1. Lithium therapy is associated with which of these side effects:
    Optional Answers:
  2. Hypothyroidism 2. Weight loss
  3. Urinary retention 4. Insomnia
A

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33
Q
  1. Which of the following statements describes lithium pharmacokinetics?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Lithium is 100% renally eliminated
  3. Lithium is metabolized by CYP1A2
  4. Lithium’s half-life is 4 hours
  5. Lithium achieves steady state in 1-2 weeks
A

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34
Q
  1. Which of these are side effects of valproic acid/divalproex?
    Optional Answers:
  2. All of these
  3. Thrombocytopenia
  4. Pancreatitis
  5. Polycystic ovary syndrome
A

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35
Q
  1. Which of the following statements describes valproic acid pharmacokinetics?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Valproic acid is highly protein bound
  3. Valproic acid is not hepatically metabolized 3. Valproic acid achieves steady state in 7 days
  4. Valproic acid’s half-life is 72 hours
A

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36
Q
  1. Which of these side effects is associated with carbamazepine?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Agranulocytosis 2. Hypernatremia 3. Iron deficiency 4. Weight loss
A

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37
Q
  1. What is a problematic aspect of carbamazepine that makes it difficult to use with other medications?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Induces several CYP450 enzyme systems
  3. Few drug-drug interactions
  4. Short half-life of 3 hours
  5. Requires genetic testing in patients of African descent
A

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38
Q
  1. Which of these side effects is associated with lamotrigine?
    Optional Answers:
  2. Rash
  3. Urinary retention
  4. Bradycardia
  5. Diarrhea
A

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39
Q
  1. Which of these are side effects of valproic acid/divalproex?
    Optional Answers:
  2. All of these
  3. Thrombocytopenia
  4. Pancreatitis
  5. Polycystic ovary syndrome
A

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PMHNP (26 decks)

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