quiz questions Flashcards
Drugs that block the action of an endogenous hormone are known as:
antagonists
which type of receptor actiivates signal transduction pathways inside the cell by directly phosphorylating target proteins?
receptor tyrosine kinase
if a drug is dissolved at a concentration of 1 x 10^-9 M, this could also be expressed as:
1 nanomolar (nM)
one reason that spare receptors occur is because of:
signal amplification by second messenger pathways
if a drug has a low Kd, we can alsp say that is has a
high affinity
What is assocated with receptor antagonism that is surmountable (can be overcome by adding more agonist)?
competitive antagonist
if a drug has a narrow therapeutic index, thismeans that:
the difference between its therapeutic dose and a toic dose is small
a weak acid drug with a pKa of 6.2 is taken orally. In the stomach, it will be:
almost completely non-ionized (protonated)
what property would enhance the distribution of a drug into the brain
high lipid solubility
Phase I metabolic reactions
typically involve oxidaiton, reduction or hydrolysis
alcohol enhances acetaminophen toxicity because it
induces enzymes that form the toxic metabolite (NAPQI)
which way does a noncompetitive antagonist shift the dose-response curve
the curve will be shifted to the right and plateau at less than 100%
a patient experiences an allergic reaction to pinicillin. This is an example of _ toxicity
idiosyncratic
a drug undergoes extensive metabolism in the liver via the first pass effect. This means that it will have:
low bioavailability
compared to extensive metabolizers, patients whoa re CYP2D6 poor metabolizers will experience _ analgesia when they take codeine
less
