Quiz for major minerals

Question 0

excitation of neurons and all types of muscle clotting factors, II, V, IX, and X on EXTRACELLULAR activation

Answer 0

Calcium

Question 1

Major structural component of bone

Answer 1

Calcium

Question 2

Key role in excitation -contraction coupling and synaptic transmission

Answer 2

Calcium

Question 3

What is Calcium deficiency pathology

Answer 3

Rickets, osteoporosis

Question 4

Calcium toxicity

Answer 4

Constipation, kidney stones, not from food, but renal or fluid balance disorders

Question 5

Calcium needs changes

Answer 5

Peak bone mass development and osteoporosis protection

Question 6

Major component of bone important in acid-base balance (buffer)

Answer 6

Phosphorus

Question 7

Important constituent of DNA< RNA, phospholipids, energy carrying compound, some proteins

Answer 7

Phosphorus

Question 8

Most prevalent anion INSIDE the cell

Answer 8

Phosphorus

Question 9

Which minerals mostly found in bone

Answer 9

Calcium, Phosphorus, magnesium

Question 10

Phosphorus toxicity

Answer 10

Rare, calcification of soft tissues, it is found as part of phytic acid,

Question 11

Phytic acid binds and removes

Answer 11

Calcium, iron, zinc and magnesium

Question 12

what is mineral similar to vitamin B used in enzyme

Answer 12

Magnesium

Question 13

Essential for release of energy from energy-yielding nutrients, cofactor in energy metabolism

Answer 13

Magnesium

Question 14

Aids in relaxation of muscles during excitation-contraction coupling

Answer 14

Magnesium

Question 15

Contraction of Excitation -contraction coupling

Relaxation

Answer 15

Calcium

Magnesium

Question 16

Regulates balance of fluid between the inside and outside cells

Answer 16

Sodium

Question 17

Instrumental in electrical excitation including action potential generation, muscle contraction

Answer 17

Sodium

Question 18

Acid base balance

Answer 18

Sodium and phosphorus

Question 19

Most positively charged cation OUTSIDE cells

Answer 19

Sodium

Question 20

Sodium deficiency pathology

Answer 20

Hyponatremia due to fluid imbalance (extremes of dehydration or fluid resuscitation, excessive water intake)

Question 21

Toxicity of sodium

Answer 21

edema, high blood pressure,

Question 22

What will help decrease sodium

Answer 22

Potassium, calcium and magnesium help transport excess sodium out of the body via kidneys

Question 23

Main Cation WITHIN cells

Answer 23

Potassium

Question 24

Fluid balance and electrical events like sodium

Answer 24

Potassium

Question 25

Potassium overdose

Answer 25

just vomited. can cause heart problem with supplements

Question 26

What tastes like sodium

Answer 26

Potassium chloride - substitution

Question 27

Depolarization phase of action potential

Repolarization of action potential

Answer 27

Sodium

Potassium

Question 28

Mediating electrical signal in the cell

Answer 28

sodium, potassium, chloride

Question 29

Major negative ion (anion) in extracellular fluid

in inside cell

Answer 29

extracellular: Chloride

inside cellPhosphorus

Question 30

Most positively charged cation outside cell

inside cell

Answer 30

Outside: Sodium
Inside: Potassium

Question 31

Where Chloride found

Answer 31

Table salt

Question 32

Chloride deficiency and toxicty

Answer 32

Renal abnormalities, not food

Question 33

Found in two amino acids

Answer 33

Sulphur (cysteine, methionine), any proteins