quiz Flashcards
Body contains more than 5 grams of these minerals
Major minerals
Major minerals in bone & teeth, important for electrical signalling in excitable cells
Calcium and Mangesium
Important in fluid regulation, excessive intake linked to hypertention
Sodium
Body contains less than 5 grams of these minerals
Trace minerals
Important in fluid regulation and electrical signaling, reduces blood pressure
Potassium
Plentiful amounts of this major mineral are found in protein
Sulphur
Best absorbed form of iron found in animal products
Heme iron
Important for immunity, heme production, cellular signaling, visual function
Zinc
Aids thyroid hormone synthesis, component of antioxidant enzyme
Selenium
Sole purpose is for thyroid hormone synthesis
Iodine
Poorly absorbed form of iron found in plants
Non-heme iron
Role in heme and collagen sythesis, antioxidant enzyme function, iron processing
Copper
A nutrient that provides energy, consumed in large quantities
Macronutrient
The daily amount of a nutrient that is adequate to maintain health in vast majority of the population
RDA - recommended daily allowance
Measures energy content of food
Calories
An inorganic micronutrient
Mineral
An organic micronutrient
Vitamin
Proportion of the recommended intake of a nutrient present in a serving of food - found on labels
Daily value
Macronutrient found almost exclusively in plants
Carbohydrates
Building tissues and cells main role of this macronutrient
Protein
Light energy is used to build carbohydrates
Photosynthesis
Complex carbohydrate
starch
Simple carbohydrate
sugar
Formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources
gluconeogenesis
Linoleic and linolenic acids
Essential fatty acids
Double bond in fatty acid tail, but no kinks
trans fat
Fats with no double bonds
Saturated fats
Fats are processed, removing double bonds
hydrogeneration
Solid at room temperature
fats
liquid at room temperature
oils
