Quiz 9 (12 + 7) Flashcards

1
Q

trace min

A

less than 100mg/ day

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2
Q

heme iron

A

most abundant
animals sources
ex. shellfish, beef, poultry, organ meets
absorb 10%

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3
Q

nonheme iron

A
converted to ferrous +2 form
from plants
absorb 2-3%
85% dietary Fe
ex. green leafy veg, mushrooms, legumes, enriched grains
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4
Q

nonheme iron bioaval

A

enhance
Vitam C, stomach acid, meat factor

inhibit
binders
phytates (plant based foods, grains)
polyphenols (spinach, tea, coffee)

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5
Q

iron deficiency (molecular)

A

inc. production transport proteins

dec. ferritin production

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6
Q

excessive iron

A

dec productino transport protein

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7
Q

iron in hemoglobin

A

2/3 total body iron

4 protein units, 4 iron heme groups

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8
Q

myoglobin

A

in muscles
heme iron
single heme grp w/ protein subunit
releases o2 to cells for ATP production/ muscle contraction

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9
Q

iron deficiency (in population)

A

common in infants, pregant women, menstrating women, teenagers, growing children

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10
Q

pica (geophagia)

A

eating nonfood substances

dirt and clay

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11
Q

mild fe defic symptoms

A

tired, cold, mental performance dec

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12
Q

fe defic in pregnancy

A

premature delivery, low birth w, maternal mortality

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13
Q

serve iron defic

A
hypochoromic anemia (pale)
small, pale rbc
not produce heme
dec. o2 carry ability
dec energy
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14
Q

detecting severe iron def

A

hemoglob conc
men < 13 g
women <12 g

hematocrit (% red c vol)
men <39
women< 36

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15
Q

iron toxicity

A

supplemental iron

symptoms- vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, black stool

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16
Q

hemacromatosis

A

iron deposits in liver, heart, muscles
cause- cardiovas dis and death
Fe into blood not regul.

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17
Q

RDA

A
men- 8mg
women- 18
pregn- 27
UL- 45
vegans *1.8 around 30
   80% higher
    can use B12 supp
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18
Q

athlete RDA

A

70 percent higher

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19
Q

zinc sources

A

red meat, eggs, dairy prod, whole grains

zince animals better than zine plants

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20
Q

zinc phytates

A

inhibit plant absorption of zn

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21
Q

zinc absorption regulated

A
transport proteins
metallothionein
     bind zinc in mucosal cell
high zinc= inc metallo
 zinc absorp limited
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22
Q

zinc fun

A
enzyme act
(enzyme superoxide dismutase, DNA, RNA)
carbohy meta
acid-base balance
GENE expression
tissue growth/ repair
dev sex organs/ bone
immune function
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23
Q

zinc def symptoms

A

poor growth, delayed sex maturation, skin changes, hair loss, skel abnormal, depressed immunity

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24
Q

RDA zinc

A

men-11mg

women-8mg

25
Q

excess zinc

A

stim metalloth syn
trap copper in mucosal cells
= copper defi

26
Q

zinc and colds

A

reduce duration of cold symptoms if given w/in 24 hours of onset symptoms

27
Q

selenium sources

A

seafood, eggs, organ meats

28
Q

se and plants

A

Se amnt depends on soil

29
Q

Se fun

A

protects against ox damage (gluthathione peroxidase)

30
Q

gluthathione peroxidase

A

destroys peroxides before make free radicals

31
Q

severe Se def

A

common in regions low soil Se and limited diets
China- contributes to Keshan dis (heart condition)
inc risk of cancer

32
Q

Se RDA

A

adults- 55

33
Q

high Se intake

A

5 mg/day
changes fingernails
inc hair loss

34
Q

Se suppl. warnings

A

claims- protect against environ pollutants, prevent cancer/ heart dis, slow aging process, improve imm. func.

if exceed RDA reccom. not benefitical anymore and can cause adverse effects

35
Q

Iodine sources

A

seafood, food grown near sea, iodized salt

36
Q

iodine and thyroid horm

A

apart of thyroid horm

promote protein syn, regul BMR, growth/ dev

37
Q

iodine defic

A

enlarge thyroid gland w/ contin release thyroid-stim horm = forms goiter

38
Q

iodine defi in pregnancy

A

cretinism

growth failure, dev disability

39
Q

iodine def in childhood

A

impair cog fun

40
Q

iodine def. world wide

A

still a problem

iodized salt has fixed US

41
Q

iodine RDA

A

adults 150ug

42
Q

iodine toxicity

A

acute- occur w/ large doses

high intake- cause thyroid enlargement (resembles goiter)

43
Q

iodine toxicity

A

acute- occur w/ large doses

high intake- cause thyroid enlargement (resembles goiter)

44
Q

normal eating

A

influec by hunger/ prefer

no shame

45
Q

disordered eating

A

influe by weight or body type

feel guilt when eat “unhealthy”

46
Q

eating disordered

A

every food influe by restrictions, weight, purging/binging beh
fell guilt all time

47
Q

eating patterns

A

can flucuate away from normal but come back

48
Q

eating disorders

A

role of food becomes less nourishment and more emotional

persistant patterns intended for control

affect physical, nutritional health and psychol func

49
Q

causes eating dis

A
genetics
ex. if mom
psycho
  low self esteem or self control
sociocul
   ex. models and instagram
50
Q

genetics and eating dis

A

ex. serotinin or melanocortin

51
Q

psychol factors and eating dis

A

perfectionists
low self esteem
try to control everything

52
Q

sociocult and eating dis

A

distorted body image

53
Q

tips maintain body image

A

accept you can be own worst critic
explore internal self
spend time doing positive things in life
accept healthy bodies look diff for everyone

54
Q

children and eating dis

A

inc. in younger children in US
affects girls more
delays growth and sex maturation

55
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

distorted body image
fear gaining weight
restrict diet
binge eating- purging

56
Q

anorexia nervosa- sympt and trtment

A

symp- weight loss, starvation (mental and phys)
treatment- resolve beh and psych problems
physical/ nutrition rehab

57
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

fear becoming fat
socially isolated
purging
semi-starvation interrupted by purging

58
Q

bulimia sympt and treatment

A

dehydration, diuretic abuse, acid deteriorates esopha
treatment
seperate eating from emotions of success
promote eating in response to hunger and satiety

59
Q

diabulemia

A

diabetics
common w/ type 1
reduc insulin amnt
treatment- focus on food, diet and body weight, reduce feeling guilt if goal not met