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CNS > Quiz #7 - Hypothalamus > Flashcards

Quiz #7 - Hypothalamus Flashcards

1
Q

Hypothalamus forms the _______ of the ____ _________ and portions of the ________ _______

A

FLOOR and portions of the LATERAL WALLS of the THIRD VENTRICLE

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2
Q

Two critical parts included as part of the hypothalamus

A

Infundibular Stalk

Optic Chiasma

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3
Q

Significant nuclei and areas of the anterior portion

A 
Paraventricular Nucleus
Anterior Nucleus
Preoptic Area
Supraoptic Nucleus
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
Optic Chiasma
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4
Q

Two nuclei that relay to the posterior pituitary?
What tract do the axons travel in?
What structure is that tract contained in?

A

Paraventricular and Supraoptic
Hypothalamohypophyseal Tract
Infundibular Stalk

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5
Q

Nuclei of intermediate portion

A

Dorsomedial
Ventromedial
Arcuate

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6
Q

Nuclei of posterior portion

A

Posterior

Mammillary

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7
Q

The hypothalamus has vague control over….

A

Basic drives of Hunger, Thirst and Sex

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8
Q

It controls the ________ aspect of emotional expression

A

Physical

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9
Q

It has central control over…

A

Visceral (autonomic) Functions

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10
Q

Portion(s) of the hypothalamus that handle parasympathetic control?
Three examples of the parasympathetic control

A 
Anterior and Intermediate
Examples:
Increase digestive motility
Decrease heart rate
Constrict pupils
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11
Q

Portion(s) of the hypothalamus that handle sympathetic control?
Three examples of sympathetic control?

A

Posterior
Decrease digestive motility
Increase heart rate
Dilate pupils

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12
Q

Endocrine control from the hypothalamus:

A

Directly - Posterior Pituitary

Indirectly - Anterior Pituitary Hormones

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13
Q

Supraoptic and Paraventricular nuclei send axons to the posterior pituitary via the hypothalamohypophyseal tract and both are capable of releasing (+ function of what’s released)…

A

Oxytocin - uterine contractions and milk let down and ejection
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - retain H2O

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14
Q

Suprachiasmatic Nuclei:

  • (function)
  • (connection)
A
  • Circadial (daily) 24-25 hour rhythms such as temp., sleep, light, feeding, etc.
  • Complexly connected to Pineal Gland and its secretions
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15
Q

Anterior Nucleus: (function)

A

Parasympathetic functions

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16
Q

Preoptic Area: (function)

A

Thermo-Regulator when we’re HOT - stimulates sweating

17
Q

Dorsomedial Nuclei: (function)

A

GI Tract parasympathetic influence

18
Q

Ventromedial Nuclei: (function)

A

Eating and Thirst Gratification - “A Satiety Center” or Fullness Center

19
Q

Arcuate Nuclei:

  • Contribute axons to _______________ tract
  • Terminate/Secrete neurohormones into…
  • Those neurohormones then make their way to the _______ ______
  • These neurohormones are commonly called “_________ _______”
A

Arcuate Nuclei:

  • Contribute axons to TUBEROINFUNDIBULAR tract
  • Terminate/Secrete neurohormones into PERIVASCULAR SPACE OF INFUNDIBULAR STALK
  • Those neurohormones then make their way to the ANTERIOR PITUITARY
  • These neurohormones are commonly called “RELEASING FACTORS”
20
Q

Bulge between infundibular stalk and mammillary bodies?

A

Tuber Cinereum

21
Q

Mammillary Bodies: (function)

- Two forms of Korsakov’s Syndrome

A

Short-Term Memory
Anterograde - Lose a window of memory AFTER event
Retrograde - Lose memories leading up to event

22
Q

____________: Invented memories to fill in the blanks of a blackout

A

Confabulation

23
Q

Posterior Nuclei: (function)

- known for diverse…

A

Thermo-regulator when we’re cold - stimulates shivering

- known for diverse Sympathetic actions

24
Q

The posterior pituitary (or ___________) develops from the…

A

Neurohypophysis

Diencephalon embriologically

25
Q

_______ _______ gives rise to the anterior pituitary (or __________) and intermediate pituitary

A

Rathke’s Pouch

Adenohypophysis

26
Q

Small arteries that break into highly permeable capillaries within the infundibular stalk are called ________ _______.

A

Fenestrated Sinusoids

27
Q

Fenestrated Sinusoids pick up ________ _______ from the _____________ tract fibers.

A

“Releasing Factors”

Tuberoinfundibular Tract Fibers

CNS (6 decks)

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