Quiz 1 - Appendix A Flashcards
Phylum in which man is classified
Chordata
Subphylum in which man is classified
Vertebrata
Class in which man is classified
Mammalia
Order in which man is classified
Primate
Proper way to write the GENUS and SPECIES of man
Homo Sapiens
The anterior and intermediate portions of the pituitary gland
Adenhypophysis
The posterior pituitary
Neurohypophysis
Another term for the posterior pituitary
“Pars Nervosa”
Pituitary gland
Hypophysis Cerebri
Pineal Gland
Epiphysis Cerebri
Developing human up to the second month of gestation
Embryo
Developing human from start of second month of gestation to birth
Fetus
Another term for birth
Parturition
Newborn infant
Neonate
Notched or toothlike
Dentate
Arranged like an arch
Arcuate
A groove or streak-like formation
Striae
Means straight
Rectus
Net-like
Reticular
A relatively deep groove
Fissure
A relatively shallow groove
Sulcus
______: Tortuous convolution. Usually found between sulci and/or fissures of the ________.
Gyrus
(sulci and fissures of the) Cerebrum
Small page-like gyri of the cerebrum
Folia
A cluster or group of neuron cell bodies located within the CNS
Nuclei
A cluster or group of neuron cell bodies located within the PNS
Ganglia
A nerve cell
Neuron
Used synonymously with the cell body of the neuron
Perikaryon
A process of a neuron which carries the impulse away from the perikaryon (cell body)
Axon
A small prominence or elevation
Hillock
A process (often several) of a neuron which carries a charge or impulse toward the perikaryon (cell body)
Dendrite
If a neuron has a dominantly long process (dendrite or axon), that process can be called a _______.
Fiber
The whitish appearing PS structures filled with neuron fibers which innervate the body parts.
Nerve
Literally means a branch.
Ramus
In neurology, we call the major branches off the spinal nerve trunks the ______ ______, _____ _____, ______ _____, ______ _____, etc.
white ramus
gray ramus
dorsal ramus
ventral ramus
Name often applied to the outer plasma membrane (plasmalemma) of an axon.
Axolemma
A covering around a neuron fiber created by a surrounding cell
Neurilemma
Passageway created by the continuous nature of vertebral foramina
Vertebral Canal (neural canal)
A tiny channel found within the spinal cord and inferior medulla oblongata
Central Canal
Passageway
Aqueduct
Thin membrane. Collective term for the arachnoid mater and pia mater
Leptomeninx
Thick membrane. Used synonymously with the dura mater
Pachymeninx
To sense the body
Somesthetic
A specific sensory entity, such as gustatory (taste), olfaction (smell), pain, etc.
Modality
The modality of conscious awareness of body position and muscle movement
Kinesthesia
The modality of subconscious awareness of body position and muscle movement
Proprioception
The releasing of adrenalin-like molecules at a target site
Adrenergic
The releasing of choline-like molecules at a target site
Cholinergic
A crossing - usually relating to the crossing of optic fibers
Chiasma
A crossing - used more liberally to indicate crossing of fibers and tracts in the CNS
Decussation
To the opposite side
Contralateral
On the same side
Ipsilateral
Going forward. In neurology often refers to going away from the neuron cell body
Anterograde
Going backward. In neurology often refers to going back toward the cell body.
Retrograde
Traveling away from. Used often as a suffix.
Fugal
Away from the pallidal nuclei
Pallidalfugal
Any type of injury, damage or “hurt.”
Lesion
Lesion of the spinal cord (rarely used for entire CNS)
Myelopathy
Deadness. Death of cells or tissue.
Necrosis
Any new abnormal growth.
Neoplasm (tumor)
Spreading life threatening neoplasm.
Malignant
Transferring to other tissue
Metastatic
Generally used to mean something of unknown cause
Idiopathic
Means to suppress good supply to an area. this results in abnormal function and may lead to necrosis
Ischemia
An accumulation of blood outside of the blood vessels
Hematoma
An abnormal dilation of blood vessel wall and its lumen
Aneurysm
Blood vascular loss in the CNS leading to permanent or prolonged brain damage
Stroke
X-ray of blood vessels injected with redioplaque dyes
Angiography
X-ray of vertebral canal and spinal cord structures following injection of radiopaque dyes into the CSF
Myelography
General term for irregularity in skeletal muscle coordination
Ataxia
Total or partial loss of normal motor function
Paralysis
Inability to communicate by speech, writing or signs.
Aphasia
A partial or unusual loss of communicative ability
Dysphasia
Prefix meaning beginning or original
Archi
Prefix meaning old - similar to but not used interchangeable with “Archi” in the CNS
Paleo
Prefix meaning new - usually in contrast to arch or paleo
Neo
Horses’ Tail
Cauda Equina
Headache
Cephalgia
Horn-like projection
Cornu
Leg or leg-like
Crus
The pattern of cell arrangement
Cytoarchitecture
sickle-shaped
Falx
Window-like
Fenestra
Opening
Foramen
Glue-like (sever types of CNS cells)
Glial
A metric system unit of length. The word means small and is measured at 1 x 10(-6power) meters
Micron
Lid or covering
Operculum
To “cloak.” Used synonymously with “cortex”
Pallium
Bridge. Located between the M.O. and the midbrain
Pons
BBB
Blood Brain Barrier
CSF
Cerebrospinal Fluid
CVA
Cerebrovascular Accident
TIA
Transient Ischemic Attack
TIA often precedes the _ _ _
CVA
DRG
Dorsal Root Ganglia
IVF
Intervertebral Foramen
EEG
Electroencephalogram
CAT
Computerized Axial Tomography
MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PET
Positron Emission Tomography
CAT employs ____ and is widely used
X-rays
MRI utilizes large magnets which rearrange ________ molecules
hydrogen
PET is a device using ________ labeled compounds for functional analysis
radioactively
M.O.
Medulla Oblongata
M.S.
Multiple Sclerosis
ALS
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
ALS is also known as ____ _______ ______
Lou Gehrig’s Disease
GABA
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid
ACH
Acetylcholine
