Quiz 7 Flashcards
Theophylline
What is it
MOA
Administration
Xanthines
CNS stimulation to cause bronchodilation
Orally for maintenance
Common side effects of theophylline
Dizziness, headache, irritability, nervousness, tachycardia, palpitations, dysrhythmias
Beclomethasone side effects
Headache. Dry mouth, throat irritation, hoarseness, thrush
Pathophysiology of asthma
Inflammation and constriction of the smooth muscle of the bronchioles
MOA of albuterol
Use
Timing
Administration
Bronchodilation
Asthma, acute bronchospasm
Rapid onset of action
Take as prescribed-MDI
What is albuterol
Selective Beta 2 adrenergic
Bronchodilator
Common side effects of albuterol
Headache, rhinitis, excitability, tremors, palpitations, tachycardia
bronchospasm
What causes bronchospasm
Taking too much medicine (cause breathing to be worse)
Ipratropium (Atrovent)
What is it
Use
Administration
Anticholinergic
Maintenance.
Take every day for prevention
Common side effects of ipratropium
Dry mouth, GI upset
Food interactions of theophylline
caffeine
Prednisone
MOA
Administration
Anti-inflammatory effect
MDI inhaler, tablet, IV
Beclomethasone/prednisone tapering?
oral or IV
Montelukast (singulair)
MOA
Use
Anti-inflammatory effect: inhibit inflammatory process and decrease bronchoconstriction
Only taken for bronchoconstriction
Montelukast (singulair)
What is it
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
Montelukast (singulair)
Administration, why?
Taken daily at night
Gives 24 hour protection from bronchoconstriction
Pseudoephedrine administration
Nasal spray, tablets, liquids
What is nasal congestion
Excessive nasal secretions
Inflamed and swollen nasal mucosaWha
What physically causes congestion symptoms?
Vasodilation, increase blood flow
Pseudoephedrine
MOA
Alpha 1-adrenergic agonists: vasoconstrictors
Pseudoephedrine side effects
hypertension
What is Rebound nasal congestion
What do you do if you get it?
rebound vasodilation instead of vasoconstriction
Stop until you get over congestion
Interactions of nasal decongestants
Caffeine
MAOIs
Beta blockers
Dextromethorphan
MOA
Suppress the cough reflex center in the medulla
Dextromethorphan types
Opioid: codeine
Nonopioid: benzonatate
Guaifenesin
MOA
Loosen brochial secretions
Acetylcysteine
MOA
Emergency situation
Liquifies and loosens thick mucus secretions
For cystic fibrosis
Is there ever a time we wouldn’t want to suppress a cough
penumonia
MOA antihistamine
block histamine receptors
First-generations H1 antagonist
Protoype
side effects
Dipenhydramine
Drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention
Second-generation H1 antagonist
Prototype
MOA
Side effects
Cetrizine
Acts peripherally rather than centrally
Doesn’t cause drowsiness
< anticholinergic symptoms
Third generation H1 antagonist
Prototype
MOA
Side effects
Fexofenadine
Acts peripherally rather than centrally
Doesn’t cause drowsiness
< anticholinergic symptoms
Histamine causes
Gastric acid secretion
Vasodilation
Bronchoconstriction
Itchiness
Blood vessels with nasal congestion
dilation
1st generation antihistamine; causes drowsiness
Benadryl
Maintenance inhaler
atrovent
Inflammation of nasal mucous membranes
Rhinitis
CNS depressant in antitussive
opioids
albuterol effect
Bronchodilatioin
Inflammation of throat
pharyngitis
Anti-inflammatory effect
prednisone
Alpha 1 vaso_____
constrict
Diagnosis where suppressing cough may not be wise
pneumonia
Decreases medication coating mouth
spacer
Alpha 1 adrenergic agonist nasal congestent
sudafed
Antihistamine that doesn’t cause drowsiness
Allegra
BP side effect for nasal congestants
increase
Loosens bronchial secretions
Expectorants
Loosens thick mucous membranes
Mucolytics
Take at night
Singulair
Suppresses cough reflex
Antitussive
Rescue inhaler
Albuterol
Drink that interacts with decongestant
Caffeine
