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Path Part Deaux > Quiz > Flashcards

Quiz Flashcards

1
Q 
Which of the following is a constitutional risk for atherosclerosis?
A. Hypertension
B. Aging
C. Smoking 
D. Diabetes mellitus
A

Aging

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2
Q

characteristics of Monckberg’s medial calcific sclerosis?

A

Attacks media layer of arteries

involves arteries of genital organs

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3
Q

What is the minimum amount of lumen obstruction that results in ischemic heart disease

A

75%

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4
Q

Which organism is most common agent for acute bacterial endocarditis

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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5
Q

Which heart valve is frequently damaged by acute bacterial endocarditis

A

Aortic valve

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6
Q

Areas involved in angina pectoralis

A

Left arm
neck
left scapula

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7
Q

How does ischemic heart pain manifest

A

Diffuse retrosternal pain

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8
Q

Hydronephrosis is

A

Inflammation of renal pelvis and kidney tissue

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9
Q

On examining stomach in postmortem specimen single round small lesion with sloping distal end and raised proximal, floor is necrotic, and bass is indurated and deep. This is characteristic lesion indicating the infection by?

A

Gastric ulcer

H pylori

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10
Q

Left atrial hypertrophy, chronic vascular congestion of lung, and pulmonary hypertension could be possible effects and complications of which condition?

A

Mitral valve stenosis

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11
Q

Rheumatic fever is predisposed by:

A

Repeated group a hemolytic streptococci all infections of upper respiratory tract

Inherited abnormal body responds to streptococcal infections

Ischemia of myocardium

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12
Q

Which type of necrosis is associated with brain infarction

A

Liquefactive

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13
Q

Achalasia of pylorus in newborn infant is associated with?

A

Inability to store sugar as glycogen

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14
Q

Mechanisms involved in development of glomerulonephritis

A

Circulating immune complex mediated tight

formation of antibodies against fixed antigens of glomerular basement membrane

formation of antibodies against antigens of visceral epithelial cells and podocyte antigens

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15
Q

Microscopic lesions that are characteristic of rheumatic fever

A

Aschoff’s nodules

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16
Q

What groups are at risk of developing a rheumatic fever

A

Children born with recessive gene predisposition to group a beta hemolytic streptococcus

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17
Q

Rheumatic fever is allergic condition calmly manifesting inflammation in which locations in adults

A

Big joints

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18
Q

What Valvular lesion immediately initiates ischemic reactions?

A

Aortic stenosis

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19
Q

Left atrial hypertrophy is associated with what valvular conditions?

A

Mitral stenosis

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20
Q

Coronary and cerebral insufficiency, ischemic pains and pulmonary hypertension, could be associated with what valve lesions?

A

Mitral stenosis

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21
Q

What is the most common valve lesion

A

Mitral stenosis

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22
Q

Megaloblastic anemia is due to?

A

Absence or decrease of maturation factor released at stomach affecting vitamin B 12 absorption in the small intestine

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23
Q

Effects of stomach cancer

A

Hematemesis and melena
Anorexia, anemia, and asthenia
Perforation

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24
Q

Most common location of active myocardial infarction

A

Anterior portion of interventricular septum him and adjacent left ventricular wall

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25
Q

From which would’ve won most likely culture group a beta hemolytic streptococci

A

Mitral valve

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26
Q

Complications of gastric ulcer

A

Malignant change
Hematemesis and Melena
Hour glass stomach
Penetration or perforation

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27
Q

Most common location of stomach cancer

A

Pylorus

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28
Q

Nephrotic syndrome as manifested by?

A

Heavy albuminurea, hypoproteinemia with reversion of albumin/ globulin ratio

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29
Q

Pathogenesis in chronic peptic ulcer formation

A

Mechanical Theory—> irritation and damage by food
Neurogenic theory—> nerve damage leads to overstimulation
Endocrinology theory —> hypersecretion

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30
Q

Acute cystitis is more common among

A

Pregnant females

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31
Q

Herniation of stomach into thorax accompanied by esophageal reflux bleeding and anemia could be resulting from

A

Neuromuscular in coordination of esophageal opening in diaphragm

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32
Q

Group of kidney diseases affecting glomeruli causing thickening of the basement membrane and loss of foot processes manifesting heavy albuminuria hypoproteinemia with her version of A/G ratio are classified clinical physiologically into which of the following

A

Nephrotic syndrome

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33
Q

Newborn infant with frequent projectile vomiting and manifestations of severe electrolyte in nutritional disturbances should be examined and investigated for what

A

Achalasia of pylorus

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34
Q

Name of pathology caused by rupture of middle meningeal artery

A

Epidural hematoma

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35
Q

Manifestation of giant aneurysm

A

Headache
nausea
vomiting
papilledema

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36
Q

Most common type of cerebrovascular disease

A

Ischemic stroke

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37
Q

Most common cause of epidural hematoma

A

Rupture of meningeal artery

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38
Q

Duret hemorrhage occurs in what type of herniation

A

Cerebellar tonsillar herniation

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39
Q

Results in compression of posterior cerebral artery

A

Transtentorial herniation

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40
Q

Characteristics of concussion

A

Dysfunction in reticular formation of brain
retrograde amnesia
loss of consciousness

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41
Q

Disease almost always has dramatic damage to first metatarsal joint

A

Gouty arthritis

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42
Q

In juvenile rheumatoid arthritis unilateral need joint involvement results in?

A

Elongation of involved leg

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43
Q

Osteoarthritis in proximal interphalangeus joint is known as?

A

Bouchard’s node

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44
Q

Rheumatoid nodules

A

Can be immovable

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45
Q

Instability of Atlanto-odontoid joint in rheumatoid arthritis is caused by which of following?

A

Destruction of odontoid process by pannus

46
Q

What joint is not typically involved in osteoarthritis

A

Elbow

47
Q

Bony outgrowths on periphery of vertebral bodies do to osteoarthritis

A

Spondylophyte spur

48
Q

Where is gastrin and endocrine stimulator produced

A

Antei-pyloric wall

49
Q

Malignant tumor originating from smooth muscle

A

Leiomyosarcoma

50
Q

Benign skeletal muscle tumor

A

Rhabdomyoma

51
Q

Malignant tumor originating from skeletal muscle

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

52
Q

Tumor originating from ectoderm or endoderm embryological tissue

A

Carcinoma

53
Q

Tumor originating from mesoderm embryological tissue

A

Sarcoma

54
Q

Classic presentations of scirrhous cancer?

A

Breast adenocarcinoma

Stroma causes evagination due to shrinkage

55
Q

Tumor which majority consists of parenchyma

A

Sarcoma

56
Q

If the tumor made up of stroma and parenchyma which portion is more likely to carry malignant potential

A

Parenchyma because stroma is neutral

57
Q

Which organ receives metastasis from stomach

A

Liver due to blood via portal vein

58
Q

How does metastasis of carcinoma travel in the body what route

A

Lymphatic system

59
Q

What metastasis or tumor travels through blood

A

Sarcoma

60
Q

Cannonball metastasis originates from what type of metastasis

A

Osteosarcoma via blood through the Lungs

61
Q

How many infarctions can of person have

A

Depends on with and thickness

62
Q

Myocardial infarction in a young person

A

Is just as dangerous but causes less anastomosis

63
Q

What percentage of hypertension is essential and what percentage of hypertension is benign

A

90% essential 95% benign

64
Q

What is the predisposing factor for epithelial injury with urolithiasis

A

Vitamin B6 deficiency

65
Q

Diagnosis most likely for Paine development occurring 90 minutes after eating

A

Duodenal peptic also

66
Q

Medicine that I cancer from stomach to ovaries is referred to

A

Krukenberg tumor

67
Q

In syringomyelia, which of the following sensitivities is valid

A

Loss of temperature

68
Q

In early-stage prostatic cancer develops in which part of the prostate gland

A

Peripheral zone

69
Q

Benign prostatic hypertrophy develops where

A

In the central zone

70
Q

Most acute myocardial infarction is caused by obstruction due to what

A

Thrombosis

71
Q

Which are following is valid for myocardial infarction developing and young people

A

Hi mortality rate

72
Q

Factors that help to suspect secondary hypertension

A

Young age of patient hypertension with relatively high magnitudes of blood pressure

73
Q

Characteristic of multiple sclerosis

A

Auto immune demyelinating disorder
women are more often than man
optic nerve involvement

74
Q

Most symptomatic kidney stone

A

Calcium oxalate

75
Q

Gout is frequently a company by lesions of

A

Kidney

76
Q

RadioTranslucent kidney stones

A

Uric acid and urate

77
Q

Predisposing factors for Salt and stone formation in kidneys

A

Vitamin a deficiency
infection
ischemia

78
Q

Complications of prostate cancer

A

Urinary obstruction and hematuria
Direct infiltration to pelvis organs and bone
cancer cachexia
Osteosclerosis

79
Q

What renal stone is most linked to alkaline pH resulting in Renal infections

A

Phosphate

80
Q

In what stage of syphilis this chronic meningitis occur

A

Secondary

81
Q

Development of scar tissue in brain is seen in

A

Leptomeningitis caused by microbacterium tuberculosis

82
Q

Properties of enthesis

A

Rich with nociceptors have poor healing ability

83
Q

All the following atelectasis are reversible except

A

Contraction

84
Q

Just expansion less than 3 cm is typical for

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

85
Q

Pneumothorax is

A

Air in plural cavity

86
Q

Mediastinum deviation in patchy telectasis is

A

No specific deviation

87
Q

Which are following is proper order for Pathomorphological changes in lobar pneumonia

A

Congestion red hepatization, resolution

88
Q

Patient comes to office with Stefanak headache and fever this is possibly

A

Leptomeningitis?

89
Q

Tear of which structures would result in traumatic pneumothorax

A

Chest wall and parietal Pleura

90
Q

Loss of plural surfactant results in development of

A

Microatelectasis

91
Q

Acute purulent meningitis causes

A

Elevated concentration of proteins

92
Q

Which path all a G develops in secondary syphilis

A

None of the above

93
Q

Onion skin periosteal reaction is typical sign for

A

Swings sarcoma

94
Q

Acute orchitis is typical manifestation of infectious disease caused by

A

Mumps

95
Q

Disorder characterized by multiple enchondromas

A

Ollier diseas

96
Q

In inflammatory disease joint anchylosis does not occur in

A

Von lushka joint

97
Q

Bone tumor characterized by Night pain relieved by aspirin

A

Osteoid osteoma

98
Q

Pegi goal hemorrhage and clubbing is associated with what disease?

A

Bacterial endocarditis

99
Q

What is the best time describing the compensatory reaction of the left ventricle myocardium in hypertension

A

Concentric hypertrophy he

100
Q

Which of the following hard path ologies more often for most thrombosis in accounts for increased risk of thromboembolism

A

Mitral stenosis

101
Q

Lodi is always pressure is the witch valvular pathology

A

Aortic stenosis

102
Q

Enlargement of which part of the heart results and posterior deviation of the esophagus

A

Left atrium

103
Q

Cor pulmonale could result from which of the following

A

Silicosis

104
Q

In which disease there is no increase of the intracranial pressure

A

Huntington’s disease

105
Q

In right-sided heart failure the congestion develops first in which structure

A

Liver

106
Q

Which type of vascular path ologies associated with with Lacunar infarction

A

Hyaline arteriolosclerosis

107
Q

Territory of which order is the most vulnerable for ischemic stroke

A

Middle cerebral artery

108
Q

Brown induration of the lungs results from which pathology?

A

Left sided heart failure

109
Q

Orthopnea new means the development of suspension in congestive cardiac failure I. Which change of a patients position

A

Change from standing to lying

110
Q

Brain tumor developing within Sylvius aqueduct more probably results in which type of hydrocephalus?

A

Non-communicating hydrocephalus

111
Q

Papilledema could be a manifestation of very serious brain pathology in the following orders except?

A. Brain tumor
B. Epidural hematoma
C. Alzheimer’s
D. Giant aneurysm

A

Alzheimer’s

Path Part Deaux (14 decks)

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