quiz 6 practice test Flashcards
which of the following are true?
a. neural synapses function to receive information from other neurons and bring the information into the cell.
b. the most abundant type of neurons are intraneurons
c. within the motor division of the nervous system, the somatic division involves autonomic responses such as breathing, digestion, etc
d. the parasympathetic division refers to fight or flight responses
e. neuron characteristic include conductivity, elasticity, and secretion.
a. neural synapses function to receive information from other neurons and bring the information into the cell.
b. the most abundant type of neurons are intraneurons
which of the following statements are true?
a. Anaxonic neurons have 2 axons and many dendrites.
b. Viruses can take advantage of fast anterograde axon support due to the direction of material only going back into cell body.
c. Schwann form the myelin sheath of neurons in CNS
d. Microglial cells are macrophages that help with immune function
e. Astrocytes form the framework of the CNS and help blood-brain barriers
d. Microglial cells are macrophages that help with immune function
e. Astrocytes form the framework of the CNS and help blood-brain barriers
which of the following statements are false?
a. unmyelinated axons can be found in the PNS and are unnecessary structures in the human body.
b. small, unmyelinated fibers can be found within the stomach.
c. unlike local potentials, action potentials are reversible and graded.
d. the resting membrane potential of a neuron is -80mV and threshold is -55mV
e. hyperpolarization refer to when the cell becomes more negatively charged than normal for a brief moment.
a. unmyelinated axons can be found in the PNS and are unnecessary structures in the human body.
c. unlike local potentials, action potentials are reversible and graded.
d. the resting membrane potential of a neuron is -80mV and threshold is -55mV
which of the following statements are true?
a. nerves in the foot use efferent neurons (called motor neurons) to send information from foot to brain.
b. an absolute refractory period is when it is impossible for stimulation to occur while K+ changes are open during repolarization
c. saltatory conduction occurs in myelinated neurons and results in very fast bursts of nerve signal traveling
d. neuropeptides have longer lasting effects when compared to other neuronstransmitters
e. axiomatic synapses can have inhibitory effects on a nerve signal
c. saltatory conduction occurs in myelinated neurons and results in very fast bursts of nerve signal traveling
d. neuropeptides have longer lasting effects when compared to other neuronstransmitters
which of the following statements are false?
a. GABA prevents action potentials by hyper polarizing the cell
b. neuromodulation may happen during child birth
c. excitatory adrenergic synapses use a neurotransmitter called ACh
d. cocaine competes with dopamine to bind to dopamine receptors
e. narcan is used to treat opioid overdoses and works by kicking off the opioid from receptors in the braid
c. excitatory adrenergic synapses use a neurotransmitter called ACh
which of the following drugs result in an increase of dopamine?
a. alcohol
b. cocaine
c. herion
d. weed
b. cocaine
c. herion
d. weed
which of the following are catecholamines (monoamines releases during fight to flight)
a. ACh
b. Epinephrine
c. dopamine
d. norepinephrine
e. neuropeptides
b. Epinephrine
c. dopamine
d. norepinephrine
which of the following statements are true?
a. the first neuron is a presynaptic neuron that secretes nuerotransmitters
b. the second neuron is a postsynaptic neuron that receives neurotransmitters
c. the 4 groups of neurotransmitters are acetylcholine, amino acid neurotransmitters, monoamines, and neuropeptides.
d. neuropeptides crate a longer-lasting effect, an example is digestion
e. opioids, specifically herion, causes a decrease in breathing and pinpoint pupils
all are true
which of the following statements are true?
a. the excitatory cholinergic synapse concerns the GABA neurotransmitter
b. in the excitatory adrenergic synapse, norepinephrine is released as an adrenaline neurotransmitter and is used to make more enzymes
c. GABA is a neurotransmitter that binds to chlorine channels to hyperpolarize the cell
d. neuromodulators raise or lower the number of receptors
all are true?
why is it important to give babies whole milk for the first few years of their life?
myeline is the insulating layer around a nerve fiber, and it is formed from wrappings of plasma membrane around the axon. it is 20% protein and 80% fat, which causes it to look white in appearance. Therefore when parents are transitioning their child from formula to real milk, they should buy red cap milk because it contains the most fat. this is because the myelination process begins in the womb and continues until adolescence.
hohow are the properties of neurons different from the properties of muscle cells?
muscle cells don’t secrete while neurons secrete neurotransmitters. neurons also do not contract.
on bobs 21st birthday, he drinks quite a bit of alcohol and starts to experience slurred speech and slowed movement. explain why this is happening to bob.
when someone is drinking it increases their GABA. This causes hyper polarization in the cells. when humans cells are hyper polarized it makes it very difficult to reach the threshold making it harder to respond how they normally would.
grandpa has retired and spends his days watching tv. explain why this is an unhealthy habit with respect to nervous system changes.
with a lack of physical and mental stimulation you are at risk of the contraction of synapses, causing less communication within the body.
what is the purpose of unmyelinated axons?
unmyelinated axons give a slow and steady response. ex. when the stomach produces stomach acid it is a slow and steady, never ending scenario.
compare local potentials to action potentials.
local potentials are a small spark. they are graded, meaning they very in strength, get weaker as they spread (decremental), reversible as K+ diffuses out of the cell, and can be excitatory or inhibitory.
