Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Ol (i)

Answer 1

Olfactory
- sense of smell
- damage causes impaired sense of smell

Question 2

Op (ii)

Answer 2

Optic
- provides vision
- damage causes blindness in vision field

Question 3

Oc (iii)

Answer 3

Oculomotor
- eye movement, opening of eyelid, focusing, constriction of pupil
- damage causes inability to move eye, drooping of eyelid, double vision, difficulty focusing, dilated pupil

Question 4

T (iv)

Answer 4

Trochlear
- eye movement
- damage causes double vision and inability to rotate eye inferolaterally

Question 5

Tr (v)

Answer 5

Trigeminal
- sensory to face and mastication muscles
- damages causes loss of sensation and impaired chewing

Question 6

A (vi)

Answer 6

Abducens
- provides eye movement
- damage causes inability to rotate eye laterally and eye when at rest rotates medially

Question 7

F (vii)

Answer 7

Facial
- motor : facial expressions / salivary, nasal, palatine glands
- sensory : taste on anterior 2/3rd’s of tongue
- damage causes sagging facial muscles and disturbed sense of taste

Question 8

V (vii)

Answer 8

Vestibulocochlear
- provides hearing and sense of balance
- damage causes deafness, nausea, loss of balance, and nystagmus

Question 9

G (ix)

Answer 9

Glossopharyngeal
- swallowing, salivation, gagging, control of BP and respiration
- sensations from posterior 1/3 of tongue
- damages causes loss of bitter and sour taste and impaired swallowing

Question 10

Va (x)

Answer 10

Vagus
- swallowing, speech, regulation of viscera
- damages causes loss of voice, and impaired swallowing
- (can be fatal if both are cut)

Question 11

Ac (xi)

Answer 11

Accessory
- swallowing, head neck and shoulder movement
- damage causes impaired ^ , and head turns to injured side

Question 12

H (xii)

Answer 12

Hypoglossal
- tongue movements for speech, food manipulation, swallowing
- damage in both causes inability to protrude tounge
- damage in one causes tongue to deviate toward injured side