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A&P > fall lecture 19 > Flashcards

fall lecture 19 Flashcards

1
Q

rostral

A

toward forehead

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2
Q

caudal

A

toward spinal cord

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3
Q

normal brain vs dementia brain?

A

dementia brain is small because they contain fewer synapses

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4
Q

sulci

A

groove

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5
Q

gyri

A

folds / lung

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6
Q

cortex

A

outer covering

surface layer of grey matter

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7
Q

nuclei

A

deep inside the brain

deeper masses of grey matter

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8
Q

tracts

A

bundles of axons (myelin)
^ fatty white insulation

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9
Q

lesion

A

injury to brain

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10
Q

white matter

A

bundles of axons
has myelin

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11
Q

grey matter

A

forms cortex
forms nuclei deep within the brain
neuron cell bodies, dendrites, synapses

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12
Q

what does the brain not have

A

pain receptors

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13
Q

brain mapping and awake craniotomy

A

when you electrically stimulate parts of the brain to identify where they are located (vision, speech, ect..) in order to not mess with these areas

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14
Q

brain meninges

A

dura matter
arachnoid matter
Pia matter

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15
Q

dura matter

A

tough mother
outermost, tough membrane
in the cracks

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16
Q

is the brain vascular

A

yes, very

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17
Q

brain ventricles

A

gaps in brain where CSF is produced

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18
Q

where is CSF located

A

ventricles and subarachnoid space

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19
Q

what are the functions of CSF

A

floats
cushions
allows for chemical stability

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20
Q

what happens to CSF in the 4th ventricle

A

it escapes to surround the brain and is reabsorbed into venous sinus by arachnoid villi

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21
Q

BBB

A

blood brain barrier

filtering mechanism allows things to go straight to the brain ex. oxygen, anesthesia, nicotine, alcohol, CO2

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22
Q

Medulla

A

full of axons / tracts
first white bump of hindbrain
place for vital functions ex. breathing, heart, reflexes
if damaged it is fatal

23
Q

cardiac center

A

adjusts rate and force of heart

24
Q

vasomotor center

A

adjusts blood vessel diameter

25
Q

respiratory center

A

control rate and depth of breathing

26
Q

reflex centers

A

coughing, sneezing, gagging swallowing, salivation, sweating, movements of tongue and head

27
Q

pons

A

big bump 2
ascending sensory tracts
descending motor tracts
concerned with posture, sleep, hearing, balance, etc..

28
Q

cerebellum

A

tree of life
white matter - branches grey matter - leaves
functions - evaluation, timekeeping, distinguishing, planning
lesion - survivable but life altering —- may be unaware of movement ex. sitting and standing

29
Q

midbrain

A

deep brain
associated with Parkinson’s disease

30
Q

tectum

A

4 balls (quad)
for sound and vision reaction

31
Q

reticular formation

A

where all info comes together and branches out

info goes to midbrain and is sent to destination where brain can interpret what the stimulus is ex. what finger or what part of leg

32
Q

coma

A

when reticular formation is blocked

33
Q

EEG

A

the testing of brain waves

34
Q

CTE

A

chronic traumatic encephalopathy

fatal brain disease associated with multiple concussions

35
Q

thalamus

A

emotional and memory function

36
Q

frontal lobe

A

voluntary motor functions
planning, mood, smell, and social judgement

37
Q

parietal

A

receives and integrates sensory information

38
Q

occipital

A

visual center of brain

39
Q

temporal

A

areas for hearing, smell, learning, memory, emotional behavior

40
Q

amnesia

A

anteroretrograde - no new memories
retrograde - cont remember old memories

41
Q

cerebellum

A

helps learn motor skills

42
Q

amygdala

A

emotional memory
music associated
emotional response that can trigger long term memory

43
Q

precentral gyrus

A

does all motor response in somatic muscles

44
Q

postcentral gyrus

A

involved with sensory

45
Q

what surgeries do they keep patient awake

A

when operating on pre central and post central gyrus’

46
Q

wernicke area

A

permits recognition of spoken and written language and crates plan of speech

47
Q

broca area

A

can’t move tounge to create words

48
Q

aphasia

A

can understand but can’t respond

49
Q

sutoscience

A

“left brained people aren’t creative”

50
Q

corpus callosum

A

part of the brain that allows left and right ventricles of brain to communicate

51
Q

what is the relationship between hippocampus and amygdala?

A

hippocampus is the place that stores longe term memories which are created by the physical remodeling of synapses

the amygdala is the partner of the hippocampus that determines experiences that are remembered without going through the physical remodel of synapses. there is usually an emotional link.

52
Q

damage in parietal lobe

A

contralateral neglet syndrome

53
Q

damage in temporal lobe

A

agnosia - inability to recognize objects
prosopagnosia - inability to recognize faces

54
Q

damage in frontal lobe

A

problems with personality

A&P (6 decks)

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