Quiz 5 PPT's

Question 1

Thromboses usually occur more in the peroneal and posterior tibial veins. True or false

Answer 1

true

Question 2

The popliteal artery appears to be duplicated what percentage of the time?

Answer 2

25%

Question 3

When the popliteal is duplicated, what usually is the result?

Answer 3

a high juncture of the posterior tibial and personal trunk

Question 4

The “gastroc” is a single trunk as it dumps into the popliteal vein just below the:

Answer 4

SSV juncture

Question 5

Purpose of the gastrocnemius veins:

Answer 5

drain muscle

Question 6

Gastrocnemius veins are mistaken for:

Answer 6

PTVV’s

Question 7

Soleal sinus veins:

Answer 7

major storage of blood

deep within soleal muscle

Question 8

Most DVT’s extending to the PopV originate where?

Answer 8

soleal sinus veins

Question 9

Why do clots form in the soleal sinus veins?

Answer 9

stagnation because muscle is inactive

Question 10

What’s the most superior branch of the tibioperoneal trunk?

Answer 10

anterior

Question 11

Are the calf veins paired or singular?

Answer 11

paired

Question 12

The bifurcation of the anteror tibial veins from the popliteal trunk is not easily seen on US. What approach do we use to see the rest of the ATV’s?

Answer 12

anterolateral

Question 13

ATV’s communicate with the soleal sinuses. True or false

Answer 13

false–so they almost never develop DVT (except for if there’s an injury)

Question 14

The posterior tibial veins pass between:

Answer 14

medial malleolus and Achille’s tendon

Question 15

Which veins are larger, the peroneals or posterior tibial?

Answer 15

peroneals

Question 16

The peroneal veins are _____ and ________ to the medial malleolus.

Answer 16

Deep and posterior

Question 17

Thrombosis above or below the trifurcation have a higher risk of embolism.

Answer 17

Above

Question 18

Calf DVT:

Answer 18

most resolve spontaneously
no PE if POPV and FV are patent
repeat exam 2-3 days for propagation

Question 19

Are d-dimers reliable for calf DVT?

Answer 19

no– 65% sensitivity

Question 20

Is Doppler reliable for diagnosing calf DVT?

Answer 20

no–70% sensitivity

Question 21

Are gastroc deep veins?

Answer 21

not truly, but they are large and pose a risk for embolization

Question 22

DDx for calf DVT?

Answer 22

baker’s cysts
superficial venous thronbosis
muscle tears

Question 23

Read up on scan technique

Answer 23

on calf veins

Question 24

Do superficial leg veins have an accompanying artery within the border that separates the fascia from the muscle?

Answer 24

no

Question 25

What's the primary job of the superficial leg veins?

Answer 25

not to return blood to the heart, but to regulate body temperature (vasodilation/constriction)

Question 26

Where does the GSV arise from?

Answer 26

medial aspect of the dorsal venous arch of the foot

Question 27

What are the 2 divisions of the GSV?

Answer 27

posterior- passes up from medial malleolus and communicates w/ posterior veins anterior- joins the posterior div just below the knee

Question 28

The normal long saph vein sits within the fascial sheath, also called:

Answer 28

Egyptian eye

Question 29

Duplication of the LSV (long) can be seen in what percentage of people?

Answer 29

50%

Question 30

Where does the GSV enter the femoral vein?

Answer 30

fossa ovalis

Question 31

What provides collateral channels for an obstructed segment of the SFJ?

Answer 31

at least 6 other tributaries from groin, lower abdominal wall and perineum. (they are significant in recurrence of varicose veins)

Question 32

If thrombus is noted in the GSV, the distance from the edge of the thrombus to the SFJ should be measured since some clinicians will anti-coagulate patients with thrombus extending to within:

Answer 32

0.5-1cm of the SFJ

Question 33

Do superficial venous thrombosis pose a threat for embolization?

Answer 33

yes if they're close to deep system

Question 34

Thrombus within _____ of the deep system are sometimes treated as DVT.

Answer 34

2cm

Question 35

Superficial venous thrombosis are less likely to

Answer 35

cause major clinical issues or dislodge

Question 36

Clots in the superficial show as:

Answer 36

enlarged vein with considerable discomfort

Question 37

Where do clots in the superficial venous system typically occur?

Answer 37

varicose veins

Question 38

Signs of a SVT:

Answer 38

``` redness severe pain/tenderness redness inflammation swelling pyrexia (fever) palpable cord ```

Question 39

DDx of SVT:

Answer 39

lymphangitis cellulitis *associated with occult DVT approx 20% of time

Question 40

Where does the lesser saph vein arise from?

Answer 40

lateral aspect of the dorsal venous arch of the foot--passes below and behind the lateral malleolus to run up the posterolateral aspect of the calf to the popliteal fossa

Question 41

Where does the SSV join the POPV?

Answer 41

crease level, but this is variable | can also dump in femV above the knee

Question 42

What is the Giacomini vein?

Answer 42

when the SSV travels passes the POPV and joins into the profunda femoris vein in the lower thigh

Question 43

Perforator veins:

Answer 43

superficial to deep keep blood from pooling at the skin level valve malfunctions can result in stasis

Question 44

Where's the standard sites for perforator veins?

Answer 44

level of the junction of the middle and lower thirds of the thigh and in calf

Question 45

Basilic and cephalic veins dump into:

Answer 45

subclavian vein @ the axillary vein junction

Question 46

UESVT is associated with what syndrome/diiseases:

Answer 46

Trosseaus syndrome and Buerger's disease

Question 47

What is the most common cause of upper extremity SVT?

Answer 47

intravenous infusions that inflict a chemical injury on the vein wall which leads to inflammation and thrombosis

Question 48

What are signs/symptoms of UESVT?

Answer 48

tender palpable cord in neck/axilla cyanotic appearance in hand and fingers aching pain in the forearm exacerbated by exercise