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Cardiopulmonary > Quiz 5 > Flashcards

Quiz 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Echocardiography uses what to view the heart?

A

-Ultrasound

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2
Q

What 5 things does echocardiography allow you to view?

A

-Size of cavities, mation of ventricle walls, intraventricular septum thickness, functioning of the vlaves, and volumes of the Left ventricle

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3
Q

What does a PET scan allow you to measure?

A

-The direct measurement of metabolic function of the heart

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4
Q

What scan can allow you to view jeopardized but viable myocardium without exercise?

A

-PET

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5
Q

What can a CT scan help identifiy?

A

-Masses, aneurysm or pericardial thickening

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6
Q

What does an MRI allow you to view in the heart?

A

-morphology, cardiac blood flow and contractility

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7
Q

What type of imaging can allow you to assess for risk of future MIs and CAD?

A

-Single photon emmision

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8
Q

What type of imaging allows you to measure LV ejection fraction?

A

-Multigated aquisition imaging

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9
Q

What is a continuous 24 hours ECG monitoring of the heart?

A

-Holter monitoring

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10
Q

What is a holter monitor used for?

A

-the diagnostic management of episodes of cardiac arrhythmia and symptoms (uses a jounrnal)

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11
Q

What type of testing looks at a patient physiological function in response to an increased work load?

A

-Stress testing

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12
Q

What type of imaging uses radio-opaque contrast material to view the size, shape and location of the heart and blood vessels?

A

-Angiogram

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13
Q

What intervention is used to improve coronary blood flow?

A

-Percutaneous coronary intervention (angioplasty)

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14
Q

What can an angioplasty help improve?

A

-symptoms of CAD, and restore blood flow

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15
Q

Which type of CABG requires a sternotomy?

A

-Traditional

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16
Q

What vein is used to the bypass in a CABG?

A

-Saphenous

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17
Q

What is inserted to restore normal sinus rhythm?

A

-Pacemaker

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18
Q

What are the disadvantages of a MID-CABG?

A

-cannot be performed on high risk patients, and can only be performed on a single artery

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19
Q

What is a ventricular assistive device used for?

A

-a mechanical pump that is used to support a failing ventricle until a donor is found

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20
Q

What is the most common VAD?

A

-LVAD

21
Q

What can assist a VAD in imporving pre-op condition?

A

-Exercise

22
Q

What should be monitored for a post op cardiac transplant patient?

A

-BP and RPE

23
Q

What should not be monitored with a post op cardiac transplant patient as the primary indicator of exericse?

A

-HR

24
Q

What is the function of an aterial line?

A

-Measure arterial pressure, and blood pressure

25
Q

What is the normal value for R atrium pressure?

A

-0-5 mmHg

26
Q

What is the normal value for R ventricle pressure?

A

-5-12 mmHg

27
Q

What is the normal pressure for the pulmonary Artery?

A

-20-30/5-13 mmHg

28
Q

What is the normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure?

A

-5 to 18 mmHg

29
Q

What should you do after moving a patient with an arterial line or Swan-Ganz catheter?

A

-Measure BP

30
Q

What is used as a mechanical circulatory device to assist LV function?

A

-Inta-aortic balloon pump

31
Q

What is the most common lines at the hospital?

A

-IV

32
Q

What is normal resting O2 sats?

A

-98%

33
Q

How much should O2 sats decreased with exercise?

A

-THEY SHOULDNT

34
Q

O2 Sats below what contraindicate exercise?

A

-92%

35
Q

If a patient is on 3L of O2 or less, and O@ sats are greater than 95%, what can you attempt to do?

A

-ther ex in room air

36
Q

If a patient is able to complete ther ex in room are and maintain O2 Sats above 92%, what can you attempt to do?

A

-ambulate in room air

37
Q

If a patient is on more than 3L O2, what should you do to try and exercise them?

A

-decrease the flow, but if they become symptomatic than just leave it alone

38
Q

What will increase within the first 36 hours after an MI?

A

-Enzyme levels (CPK, LDH, Troponin)

39
Q

If LDH 1 is equal to LDH 2, what does that indicate?

A

-myocardial damage

40
Q

What is a specific marker of an MI?

A

-troponin

41
Q

When homocysteine is elevated, it is indicative of what?

A

-CV disease

42
Q

How can elevated homocystine, how can it cause damage?

A

-it damages the intima and creates clots

43
Q

What can help break down homocysteine?

A

-Vitamin B

44
Q

What is the normal CRP level?

A

-< one

45
Q

What CRP level is is associated with an average risk of CVD?

A

-1 to 3

46
Q

What CRP level is associated with high CVD risk?

A

->3

47
Q

What is the normal Hgb level?

A

-13 to 18

48
Q

What Hgb less what what is a red flag for out of bed activities?

A

-<8

Cardiopulmonary (7 decks)

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