Quiz 5

Question 1

pHs

Answer 1

• pH < 7
• pH = 7
• pH < 7

Question 2

Relationship between H30+ and OH-

Answer 2

[H30+][OH-]=1.0 x 10^-14

Question 3

Relationship between pH and pOH

Answer 3

pH + pOH = 14

Question 4

Strong Acids and Weak Acids

Answer 4

• Strong acids fully dissociate in water
• Weak acids dont fully dissociate
• Strong acid Ka>1
• Weak acid Ka<1
• Lower pKa means a stronger acids

Question 5

Strong Bases and Weak Bases

Answer 5

• Strong bases fully dissociate in water
• Weak bases dont fully dissociate
• Strong acid Kb>1
• Weak acid Kb<1
• Lower pKb means a stronger base

Question 6

Realtionship between weak acids ans conjunct bases

Answer 6

• Weak acids have strong conjunct bases
• Ka x K= 1.0 x 10^-14
• pKa + pKb = 14

Question 7

Acids

Answer 7

• H+ donor
• Makes H3O+

Question 8

Bases

Answer 8

• H+ Acceptor
• Makes OH-

Question 9

Perchloric Acid

Answer 9

HClO4

Strong Acid

Question 10

Hydrocloric Acid

Answer 10

HCl

Strong Acid

Question 11

Hydrobromic Acid

Answer 11

HBr

Strong Acid

Question 12

Hydroiodic Acid

Answer 12

HI

Strong Acid

Question 13

HNO3

Answer 13

Nitric Acid

Strong Acid

Question 14

H2SO4

Answer 14

Sulfuric Acid

Strong Acid

Question 15

H3PO4

Answer 15

Phosphoric Acid

Question 16

CH3CO2H

Answer 16

Acetic Acid

Question 17

RCO2H

Answer 17

Carboxylic Acid

Question 18

LiOH

Answer 18

Lithium Hydroxide

Strong Base

Question 19

NaOH

Answer 19

Sodium Hydroxide

Strong Base

Question 20

KOH

Answer 20

Posassium Hydoroxide

Strong Base

Question 21

Ca(OH)2

Answer 21

Calcium Hydroxide

Strong Base

Question 22

RONa

Answer 22

alkoxides

Strong Base

Question 23

Na2CO3

Answer 23

Sodium Carbonate

Question 24

NaHCO3

Answer 24

Sodium Bicarbonate

Question 25

NH3

Answer 25

Ammonia

Question 26

R3N

Answer 26

Amines

Question 27

Conjunct Base

Answer 27

Product formed when base looses H+

Question 28

Conjunct Acid

Answer 28

Product formed from when base gains H+

Question 29

pKa increases

Answer 29

When pKa increase by/decrease one unit the solution 10 times more basic/acidic

Question 30

Hydrolysis of Salts

Answer 30

• when an acid and base makes a salt
• What happens in acid base titration

Question 31

Hydrolysis of Salts Anions

Answer 31

• Neutral: Cl-, Br-, I-, NO3-, ClO4-, Conjugate base of strong acid
• Basic: OH -, CO3 2-, HCO3, SO4 2-, PO4 3-, HPO4 -, RCO 2-, CN -, SH -, O 2-
• Acidic: HSO4 -, H2SO4

Question 32

Hydrolysis of Salts Cations

Answer 32

• Neutral: Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, Mg 2+, Ca 2+, Sr 2+
• Acidic: Transition metals > or = +2, NH4 +, any protinated amines

Question 33

Effects of Structure and acid-base strenght

Answer 33

• Electronegativity
  -In the same row: Negative charge means more stable and postive charge means less stable
• In diffrent row: Smaller atoms are stronger(harder to break) and Larger atoms are weaker(easier to break)
• Resonance Stablizes

Question 34

Titrant

Answer 34

whats in the buret

Question 35

Analyte

Answer 35

whats in the flask

Question 36

Equivalence point

Answer 36

• Moles of titrant=Moles of Anylate
• Equivalence point is the same as end point
• It changes depending on the chemicals involved (acid vs. base
• pH changes rapidly at equivalence point

Question 37

pKa=

Answer 37

pH at the half equivalence point

Question 38

Choosing an indicator

Answer 38

• for strong acid strong base titration many indicators work
• You need to be careful when titrating weak acids or bases

Question 39

At the half equivalence point

Answer 39

pH changes slowly

Question 40

Buffers

Answer 40

• are located at or near the half equivalence point [HA]=[A-]
• a solution that resists changes in pH
• typically conposed of a weak acid and conjugate base or vise-versa