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chem 2021 > quiz 5 > Flashcards

quiz 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

law of conservation of energy formula

A

(KE + PE)initial = (KE + PE)final

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2
Q

how many calories is in 1 kcal?

A

1000 cal per 1 kcal

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3
Q

how many J in 1 Kilowatt-hour

A

3.60 x 10^6 J per Kilowatt-hour

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4
Q

What is a system?

A

system consists of those molecules which are reacting

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5
Q

What is the surroundings in an experiment?

A

everything else that is not the system?

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6
Q

what are the three types of systems?

A

open, closed, and isolated

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7
Q

what is an open system?

A

energy can flow in and out

matter can flow in and out

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8
Q

what is a closed system?

A

if closed beaker, matter can not flow in or out

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9
Q

what is a closed system?

A

if closed beaker, matter can not flow in or out

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10
Q

what is an isolated system?

A

insulated, energy cant flow in or out

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11
Q

what are the 2 types of energy transfer?

A

exothermic and endothermic

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12
Q

what is exothermic?

A

heart flows out from the system to the surrondings

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13
Q

what is endothermic?

A

heat flows in from the surrounding to the system

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14
Q

endo or exothermic: propane burning?

A

exothermic

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15
Q

endo or exothermic: food cooking?

A

endothermic

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16
Q

endo or exothermic: dry ice subliming?

A

endothermic

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17
Q

endo or exothermic: metal reacting with acid?

A

exothermic

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18
Q

what is internal energy (U)?

A

sum of PE and KE of a system

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19
Q

what are the properties of a state function?

A

the value does not depend on how it got there, change only asks for start and end points, state functions deal with change

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20
Q

what is the opposite of a state function

A

a path function

21
Q

what is the formula for deltaUniverse

A

deltaSystem + deltaSurrounding=0

22
Q

why is deltaSurroundings + deltaSystem =0?

A

because energy is conserved, theres no change

23
Q

Why is deltaSystem + deltaSurrounding=0?

A

because energy is conserved; no change

24
Q

what is the equation of deltaU

A

q + w

25
Q

what does q stand for

A

heat

26
Q

what does w stand for

A

work

27
Q

what is there no delta in front of q and w

A

because you can not keep heat or work; also it is a transfer of work

28
Q

work formula

A

w= -P(deltaV)

29
Q

What happens if the gas in a system expands?

A

deltaV > 0

w<0

30
Q

What happens if the gas in a system compresses?

A

deltaV<0

w>0

31
Q

What happens if the gas in a system does not change in volume?

A

deltaV=0

w=0

32
Q

what happens (in terms of heat and work) in a combustion reaction?

A

heat is transferred out of the fuel

work is being done by the fuel

33
Q

if the fuel is the system in a combustion reaction, what are the signs of q and w and deltaU?

A

q<0
w<0
deltaU<0

34
Q

What are the two heat equations?

A

q=C (deltaT)

q=m(Cs)deltaT

35
Q

what is the different between the two heat equations?

A

the one with mass and specific heat (Cs) is used if dealing with a pure substance

36
Q

what is the sign of heat if it is cooling down?

A

negative

37
Q

is cooling down endo or exothermic reactions?

A

exothermic

38
Q

what kind of sign will heat have if it is an exothermic reaction?

A

negative

39
Q

what is constant in a bomb calorimetry

A

volume

40
Q

since volume is constant in a bomb calorimetry what is the equation for work

A

work = 0 so: -PdeltaV=0

41
Q

what kind of system is a bomb calorimetry?

A

isolated

42
Q

since the bomb calorimetry is an isolated system what happens to q?

A

The sum is =0

43
Q

how do you tell if volume will increase

A

look at balanced equation and moles

44
Q

in an isolated system what happens to deltaU

A

it would always be the same because it is a state function

45
Q

what is the formula used when working with a bomb calorimetery

A

qrxn + qcal = 0

qrxn + C(deltaT) = 0

46
Q

what happens to the pressure in a coffee cup calorimetry?

A

pressure stays constant

47
Q

what happens to deltaUuniverse in a coffee cup calorimetry?

A

delaUuniverse=0

48
Q

what is the equation for an aqueous reaction?

A

0= qrxn + qwater + qcal

chem 2021 (13 decks)

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