Quiz 4: Polyphonic mass - Italian Madrigal

Question 1

What is a polyphonic mass?

Answer 1

A genre of music in the Renaissance which consists of polyphonic settings of the mass ordinaries

All separate mass movements are unified by a common feature

Question 2

What are the mass ordinaries

Answer 2

Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei

Question 3

What genres is Ockeghem known for composing?

Answer 3

Chansons, polyphonic masses, and motets

Question 4

Who came before Ockeghem?

Answer 4

Guillaume Dufay and Binchois

Question 5

What is “free mass”

Answer 5

Masses that do not use any pre-existing musical material, composed of entirely new music

Question 6

What is Missa Prolationum?

Answer 6

A very complicated contrapuntal free mass written by ockeghem

Question 7

What is a canon?

Answer 7

A rubric or rule that tells you how to do something in a score - usually how to derive other parts from notated part.

Question 8

what is a double canon?

Answer 8

a canon with two different notated parts from which two other parts are derived

Question 9

What is a mensuration canon (also called prolation canon)

Answer 9

A canon where a single part must be read simultaneously in different mensurations.

A music composition where the main melody is accompanied by one or more imitation of that melody in other voices

Question 10

There are four voices in the mass: superius, altus, tenor, bassus. Which two are notated?

Answer 10

Superius and tenor

Question 11

Since there are two notated voices in the mass but four overall, what are the other two un-notated voices and how are they… in existence

Answer 11

They are the Altus and the Bassus, and they are DERIVED from the notated voice.

Altus from the superius and bassus from the tenor

Question 12

What is the modern time signature equivalent of perfect time, major prolation

Answer 12

9/8

Question 13

What is the modern time signature equivalent of Perfect time, minor Prolation

Answer 13

3/4

Question 14

What is the modern time signature equivalent of imperfect time, major prolation

Answer 14

6/8

Question 15

What is the modern time signature equivalent of Imperfect time, minor prolation

Answer 15

2/4

Question 16

what is pervading imitation?

Answer 16

Where all voices are involved in repeating the same melodic material, and many or all of the phrases in the work begin with imitation

Question 17

What is the subject

Answer 17

The repeated material used in the points of imitation

Question 18

point of imitation

Answer 18

a section (subject) that you repeat in the other voices - they begin to trade it back and forth and develop it. Eventually comes to a cadence and that point of imitation is finished

Question 19

Paraphrase mass

Answer 19

musical setting of the mass ordinary that uses an elaborated version of the cantus firmus as its basis

Question 20

What is an imitation mass

Answer 20

a mass that bases each movement on all the voices of the model as a basic framework for each movement off the mass

can be based on chant or polyphonic chanson

Question 21

what are the three main features of Palestrinas music

Answer 21

Careful control of dissonance, absolute balance in melodic motion, and reserve in text expression.

Question 22

What is the Palestrina motet Veni sponsa Christi based on?

Answer 22

A gregorian antiphon of the same name

Question 23

how is Veni sponsa christi formulated… hint: paraphrase mass…

Answer 23

The four phrases of the original antiphon are used for making four subjects for four different points of imitation in the motet

Question 24

What was the reformation?

Answer 24

The split in the Roman Catholic Church over disputes in doctrine and the desire to REFORM certain church practices

Question 25

who was the initial leader of the reformation

Answer 25

Martin Luther

Question 26

What new church came from the Reformation

Answer 26

the Protestant church

Question 27

what was the counter reformation?

Answer 27

the roman catholic churches reaction to the initial reformation - where they held the council of trent to reform their own church

Question 28

What did they discuss at the council of Trent about music (what changes were implemented)

Answer 28

Move back to clear text declamation, no elaborate polyphony (so as to clear the text), and completely remove secular elements

Question 29

who is ottaviano petrucci

Answer 29

early Italian publisher of music

Question 30

What was new about the renaissance motet in contrast to the ars nova motet?

Answer 30

No layering, all voices similar in rhythmic makeup and speed; same text for all voices; imitation in all voices; 3rds and 6ths as prevalent sonorities

Question 31

Who is Orlando de Lassus

Answer 31

contemporary of palestrina, deeply expressive, many polyphonic masses

Question 32

Is the Italian madrigal international or national style

Answer 32

National - Italian. But grew out of franco-flemish polyphony

Question 33

General characteristics of italian madrigal

Answer 33

4 voices vocal secular chamber music, through composed with one stanza of text, text expression most important, alternates between homophony and points of imitation

Question 34

what is Frottola

Answer 34

Strophic, light entertainment songs for those of the court

Question 35

what is lauda

Answer 35

Religious songs of Italian confraternities

Question 36

Who led the petrarchan movement

Answer 36

Pietro Bembo

Question 37

what did bembo notice of petrarchs poetry

Answer 37

Piacevolezza - pleasingness
Gravita - severity

Question 38

what is Prima Practica

Answer 38

Music of Ockeghem-Willaert

“harmony is the mistress of the words”

Question 39

what is seconda practica

Answer 39

More modern music including monteverdi

“words are the mistress of the harmony”