Quiz 4

Question 1

meropenem 1

Answer 1

Brand: Merrem
Class: Carbapenem
Indication: Intra-abd infections, bacterial meningitis in peds, SSTIs

Question 2

meropenem 2

Answer 2

MOA: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to PBPs, eventually leading to cell lyses
BBW: N/A
Side Effects: Nausea, HA, pain

Question 3

ertapenem 1

Answer 3

Brand: INVanz
Class: Carbapenem
Indication: Acute pelvic infections, CAP, intra-abs infections, SSTIs, UTI, ppx of surgical site infection in colorectal surgery

Question 4

ertapenem 2

Answer 4

MOA: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to PBPs, eventually leading to cell lyses
BBW: N/A
Side Effects: Diarrhea

Question 5

valacyclovir 1

Answer 5

Brand: Valtrex
Class: Antiviral Agent, Oral
Indication: Herpes zoster (shingles); genital herpes; chickenpox, herpes labialis (cold sores)

Question 6

valacyclovir 2

Answer 6

MOA: inhibits DNA synthesis and viral replication by competing with deoxyguanosine triphosphate for viral DNA polymerase and being incorporated into viral DNA
BBW: N/A
Side effects: abd pain, nausea, HA

Question 7

valganciclovir 1

Answer 7

Brand name: Valcyte
Class: Antiviral Agent
Indication: CMV

Question 8

valganciclovir 2

Answer 8

MOA: Metabolized to ganciclovir which competitively inhibits the binding of deoxyguanosine triphosphate to DNA polymerase resulting in inhibition of viral DNA synthesis
BBW: Granulocytopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia
SE: N/V/D, graft rejection, tremor, retinal detachment, cough, upper respiratory infection, fever

Question 9

acyclovir 1

Answer 9

Brand name: Zovirax
Class: Antiviral Agent
Indication: Treatment of genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) and HSV encephalitis

Question 10

acyclovir 2

Answer 10

MOA: Acyclovir triphosphate inhibits DNA synthesis and viral replication by competing with deoxyguanosine triphosphate for viral DNA polymerase and being incorporated into viral DNA.
BBW: N/A
Side effects: malaise

Question 11

dapsone 1

Answer 11

Brand name: Aczone
Class: Topical Skin Product, Acne
Indication: topical treatment of acne vulgaris

Question 12

dapsone 2

Answer 12

MOA: Not well understood, but has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects
BBW: N/A
SE: Dryness, redness, oiliness, peeling of skin

Question 13

ritonavir 1

Answer 13

Brand name: Norvir
Class: Antiretroviral, Protease Inhibitor (Anti-HIV)
Indication: HIV

Question 14

ritonavir 2

Answer 14

MOA: Binds to the site of HIV-1 protease activity and inhibits, resulting in the formation of immature, noninfectious viral particles
BBW: Coadministration with sedative hypnotics, antiarrhythmics, or ergot alkaloid preparations may result in potentially serious and/or life-threatening adverse reactions
Side effects: raised serum cholesterol, N/V/D, altered taste, asthenia

Question 15

atazanavir 1

Answer 15

Brand name: Reyataz
Class: Antiretroviral, Protease Inhibitor (Anti-HIV)
Indication: HIV-1 infections

Question 16

atazanavir 2

Answer 16

MOA: Binds to the site of HIV-1 protease activity and inhibits cleavage of viral Gag-Pol polyprotein precursors into individual functional proteins required for infectious HIV. This results in the formation of immature, noninfectious viral particles.
BBW: N/A
Side effects: rash, abdominal pain, N/V/D, increased bilirubin, HA, cough, fever

Question 17

lopinavir + ritonavir 1

Answer 17

Brand name: Kaletra
Class: Antiretroviral, Protease Inhibitor (Anti-HIV)
Indication: HIV

Question 18

lopinavir + ritonavir 2

Answer 18

MOA: Lopinavir- binds to site of HIV-1 protease activity and inhibits cleavage of viral Gag-Pol polyprotein precursors into individual functional proteins required for infectious HIV, resulting in immature, noninfectious viral particles
Ritonavir- inhibits CYP3A metabolism of lopinavir, allowing increased levels of lopinavir
BBW: N/A
Side effects: increased serum cholesterol/TG, N/V/D