Quiz 4

Question 1

Define and state Problems with disease model of addiction

Answer 1

The disease model of addiction describes an addiction as a disease with biological, neurological, genetic, and environmental sources of origin.

Question 2

Define and state Problems with Dependence model

Answer 2

Rapid forming physical or psychological dependence that results from occasional drug use motivated by curiosity, experimentation, peer pressure and other factors.

Dependence model not correct:

Presence of overt withdrawal symptoms not essential for sole explanation of drug use or drug addiction

Question 3

Define and state problem with positive reinforcement model

Answer 3

Positive reinforcement model assumes drugs are self administered because they act as positive reinforcers.

Problems with + reinforcement:

Paradox. How can an event like the administration of a drug be both positively reinforcing enough to make people continue to use it and at he same time aversive enough to motivate people to stop.

Positive reinforcement stimuli continue to control behavior in spite of punishing effects is that they are immediately experienced while the punishing painful effects are delayed.

Incentive sensitization to part of the brain that controls positive reinforcement.

Question 4

What role does stress play in addiction

Answer 4

Stress enhances acquisition of cocaine, opiates and alcohol

Stress increases the reinforcing value of these drugs as measured by rate of responding and progressive ration breakpoint

Drug intake does not involve relief from stress.

Stress directly activates or sensitizes brain mechanism for reinforcing value of a drug

Question 5

Name ten of the principles of effective treatment for addiction.

Answer 5

1. Addiction is complex but treatable, altering brain function and behavior
2. No single treatment is appropriate for everyone
3. Earlier the treatment, the greater the positive outcome
4. Medication is part of treatment
5. Effective treatment attends to multiple needs, not just drug abuse
6. Address both drug addiction and other mental disorders
7. medical detoxification is only first stage
8. Treatment need not be voluntary to be effective
9. Drug use is monitored continuously
10. Treatment programs should assess patients for infectious diseases