Quiz 4 Flashcards
Endospore
preserved genome, heat resistant, G. Bacillus/Clustridium, lack of nutrients, awaken with water
Endospore Formation
- DNA Replication
- Septum Formation (peptidoglycan)
- Engulfment of Forespore (mother degradation)
- Cortex Formation (dehydration/heat resistant)
- Spore Maturation (lytic enzymes consume mother cell)
Germination
breaking dormant state, sugar molecules detected, activate aquaporins, peptidoglycan breakdown, release of Ca2+
CheY dephosphorylates ________.
CheA
Flagellum bias is ___________.
Run
CheR methylates _________.
MCP
Methylation of MCP =
closing, increased threshold
CheB demethylates ________.
MCP
Demethylation of MCP =
opening, decreases threshold
Tetanus Bacterium
Clostridium tetani
Tetanus symptom
muscle contraction
Tetanus Mechanism
- Binds motor neuron by endocytosis
- A subunit exits endosome
- Transported CNS -> inhibitory neuron
- Cleaves synaptobreuin
- Release of GABA blocked
- ACTH release cannot stop
- Muscle Contraction
Botulism Bacterium
Clostridium botulinum
Botulism symptom
paralysis
Botulism Mechanism
breaks down vesicle that houses ACTH, no release of ACTH, muscle paralysis
Archaea
no membrane bound nucleus, circular chromosome, plasmids, branched hydrocarbon membrane lipids, non-pathogenic, isoprene hydrocarbon
Archaean Membrane
enhanced fluidity (branching), monolayers (restricted), L-glycerol
S-Layer
protein wall, extreme conditions
Archaean Motility
pili, flagella,
Archaean CW
toward attractant, push
Archaean CCW
away from attractant, pull
Pseudomurein
archaean cell envelope, NAT v. NAM, 1-3 Beta Bond, L amino acids, aminolycosides susceptible
