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Bio 207 (micro) > Quiz 4 > Flashcards

Quiz 4 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Immunity you develop after being exposed to an infection from sickness or a vaccine

A

Active immunity

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2
Q

Immunity you develop through antibodies transferred from mom to baby (birth, breastmilk)

A

Passive immunity

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3
Q

Any substance that prepares the immune system to recognize/respond to a pathogen resulting in immunity/protection

A

Vaccine

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4
Q

A type of vaccine that contains weakened or inactivated whole antigens

A

Whole Agent Vaccines

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5
Q

A type of vaccine that contains only a part of the antigen

A

Fragment Vaccinations

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6
Q

Type of vaccine that contains RNA to make virus proteins

A

mRNA/ Viral Vector Vaccines

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7
Q

Type of vaccine that contains weakened microbes

A

Live, attenuated vaccines

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8
Q

Examples of live, attenuated vaccines

A

MMR, varicella, rotavirus, intranasal influenza

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9
Q

Type of vaccine that contains dead pathogens

A

Inactivated vaccines

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10
Q

Examples of inactivated vaccines

A

Polio, Hep. A, cholera, typhoid, plague

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11
Q

Type of vaccine that contains inactivated toxins

A

Toxoid vaccines

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12
Q

Examples of toxoid vaccines

A

DTaP, Botulism

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13
Q

Type of vaccine that contains a part of the antigen that induces a strong immune response

A

Subunit vaccines

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14
Q

Examples of subunit vaccines

A

Meningitis, Pneumonia, Hep. B

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15
Q

Type of vaccine that contains weak antigens (glycocalyx) attached to strong antigens like tetanus toxin or diphtheria toxin

A

Conjugative vaccines

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16
Q

Examples of a conjugative vaccine

A

Hib (Haemophilus Influenza)

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17
Q

Type of vaccine that codes for the virus spike protein (in a lipid coating)

A

mRNA vaccine

18
Q

Examples or mRNA vaccines

A

Covid

19
Q

Type of vaccines that use a harmless virus to attach genetic material to cells

A

viral vector vaccines

20
Q

Examples of artificially acquired passive immunity

A

transfer of antibody-rich serum

21
Q

Examples of viral vector vaccines

A

measles virus, and adenovirus

22
Q

Goal of herd immunity

A

enough people being vaccinated that the likelihood of an infected individual coming in contact with a susceptible individual is low

23
Q

Indicators of disease someone else can measure

A

signs (fever, vomiting)

24
Q

Indicators of disease that other people can’t see/measure

A

symptoms ( headache, nausea, fatigue)

25
Q

Process of combing signs and symptoms to find the most likely cause of an illness

A

differential diagnosis

26
Q

Type of infection where the pathogen invades on its own

A

primary infection

27
Q

Type of infection where the pathogen needs a deficiency in the innate immune system to invade the host

A

opportunistic infection

28
Q

Type of infection that takes advantage of conditions created by an initial infection by another pathogen

A

secondary infection

29
Q

term for bacteria growing in the blood stream

A

septicemia

30
Q

inflammatory response to septicemia that results in organ failure

A

sepsis

31
Q

Multiplication of a microbe in a host producing inflammation in the infected tissue

A

infection

32
Q

what is the result of most infections in a healthy individual

A

the immune system response with strong resistance and the individual is unaware of the infection

33
Q

A tissue/ organ in damaged due to strong prescence of a pathogen and/or low immune response

A

disease

34
Q

order of stages in disease progression:

A

Incubation Period > Prodromal Phase > Acute Period > Period of Decline > Period of Convalescence

35
Q

what is the 7 step program for pathogens invading hosts?

A

1) Establish recevoir
2) Transport to host
3) Breach host barriers
4) Evade destruction
5) Multiply
6) Damage the host
7) Leave the host (acute) or stay (chronic)

36
Q

degree to which a pathogen is capable of causing disease

A

virulence

37
Q

Example of a highly virulent pathogen

A

rabies

38
Q

Example of a moderately virulent pathogen

A

cold, flu

39
Q

structure/molecule a pathogen has that increases its ability to invade/cause disease in a host

A

virulent factor

40
Q

Degrees of virulence depends on:

A

If it’s the right host for the pathogen
the host immunity

Bio 207 (micro) (5 decks)

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