Quiz 4 Flashcards
How many horse chromosomes
31
How many cattle chromosomes
29
How many dog chromosomes
28
How many chicken chromosomes
8
Variation of a gene
Allele
Dominant vs. recessive traits
Dominant trait doesn’t have to be the most common trait
Often many lethal traits are recessive
Simple traits are determined by one or a couple of genes
Mandibulofacial disease mutation
Recessive mutation of CYP26C1 in Hereford cattle
Mandibulofacial disease symptoms
Malformed, shortened jaw
Skin tags/beauty marks in face
Lowset/droopy ears
Mandibulofacial disease pathological description
Bilateral bone-wrapped meckel’s cartilage
Hypoplasia of mass ether and temporalis muscles
Mandibulofacial disease ties
Ties to founder
6 generations
40,000+ Herefords
Advancements in equine genetics
Many single-marker traits have been elucidated: color, disease
Equine genetics challenge
Most important traits are complex
Complex disease traits in equine genetics
Cribbing
Shivers
Cryptorchidism
Atrial fibrillation
Nearly ___% of associations between genome and a trait are in non-coding regions
90
How the genome is being regulated depends on
Sex
Age
Activity
Health status
Environment
FAANG stands for
Functional annotation of animal genomes
FAANG goal
Build a reference annotation of genome regulation in the horse
FAANG test subjects
Healthy, adult thoroughbreds
FAANG tissues studied
Liver
Lung
Skeletal muscle
Heart
Utility of FAANG data
Distichiasis in Friesian horses
Revealed an active enhancer
Dr. Peterson ongoing research
“roan” and sabino in Clydesdales and shires
Clydesdale name year
1826
Clydesdale horse society invented
1877
Clydesdales imported to North America in
1840’s