Quiz 3 Flashcards
Captive release programs are less successful because we
Breed for convenience
Heteroderm meaning
Cold - blooded
Majority of species kept in zoos are
Birds
Ingulvies, beak modifications, gastroliths
Granivores
Fast and famine
Nutrient content of insects vary on stages of life
Insectivores
Ethics of ocean fishing to feed zoo birds
Hunting instinct for fishing is tough
Piscivores
Number 1 problem in zoos
Dietary problems
Nutritional deficiency disease
Metabolic bone disease
Vitamin deficiencies
Psychological manifestations due to lack of foraging
___ to ___ % of reptiles go to vet clinics with metabolic bone disease
26 to 82%
Zoos do not
Directly increase wildlife population
Methods of Repro management in zoos
Sterilization
Physical separation
Permitted overpopulation
Hormonal control
The concept of larger animals having a lower metabolic rate than smaller animals of related taxonomic status
Allometric scaling
Body shape effects on metabolism
Hair for density impacts temp
Body fat insulation impairs temp
Control of the _____ is control of the _______
Anesthesia; situation
Zoo medicine (emergency) steps
- Stay calm
- Hands on animal
- Rely on fundamentals
- Too hot = cool off, too cold = warm up
- Figure out problem
Local knowledge guides
Conservation
Conservation work is extremely
Expensive
Microbes to human cells ratio
10:1
Microbes to human cells ration (counting red blood cells)
1:1 ratio
Micro biome functions
Stimulate immune system
Provides energy
Digestion
Balanced microbiome =
Benefits
Unbalanced microbiome =
Diseases
Super organisms:
More genes than just our own genes
Germ free definition
Free of microbes
Presence of microbes changes the
Impact of diet
Rumen microbes
Bacteria, fungi, Protozoa, archaea
Predominant group
Allows ruminants to survive on low quality forage
Bacteria
Ligament modifying enzymes
Help increase digestion
Fungi
Help control bacteria population
Produce fatty acid
Protozoa
Attack bacteria
Control bacteria population
Virus
Factors affecting microbiome
Infection/disease
Antibiotics/drugs
Environment
Age
Host genetics
Diet
Host phenotype
Physiological status
Percent of conserved singly copy genes identified
Completeness
___ % of all antibiotics are used for industrial animal agriculture
80
