Quiz 3 Material (Bonds & Compounds) Flashcards
Compound
Pure substance formed by chemically combining two or more elements
bonds formed through the sharing of electrons are…
covalent bonds
bonds formed through the complete transfer of electrons are…
ionic bonds
ionic compounds consist of
positive and negative ions
ionic compounds are formed between
metal +nonmetal
metal + polyatomic ion
NH4 + nonmetal/polyatomic ion
ionic formula
neutral, consists of positively and negatively charged ions
ionic formula is written as….
total positive charge = total negative charge
write the formula for sodium nitride, a compound containing Na+ and N3- ; explain how to check your answer
Na3N; it’s correct because the there are three positive +1 Na charges, and one negative 3- N charge, which when combined equal zero
write the formula for Ba2+ and Cl-
BaCl2
write the formula for Al3+ and Cl-
AlCl3
write the formula for Mg2+ and N3-
Mg3N2
what is a cation?
the metal in a compound
what is an anion?
the nonmetal in a compound
when naming an ionic compound with two elements, what are the steps?
-identify the cation/anion
-name the cation first, followed by the anion but replace the ending of the anion with -ide
-DO NOT change the names of polyatomic ions
name NaCl
sodium chloride
name K2S
potassium sulfide
name MgO
magnesium oxide
name CaI2
calcium iodide
name Al2S3
aluminum sulfide
write the formula for a compound containing Na+ and PO4^3
Na3PO4
write the formula for Ba2+ and NO3-
Ba(NO3)2
write the formula for Hg2^2+ and PO4^3-
(Hg2)3(PO4)2
write the formula for Hg2^2+ and Cl- ; explain
Hg2Cl2 because since Hg is polyatomic, the 2 cannot be moved
write the formula for Pb4+ and S2-
PbS2
name the compounds:
-CaO
-KBr
-Al2O3
-MgCl2
-Na3PO4
-calcium oxide
-potassium bromide
-aluminum oxide
-magnesium chloride
-sodium phsophate
transition metals form
positive ions
most transition metals and group 4a metals form ____ with the exception of Zn2+,Ag+, and Cd2+, which form ____
2 or more positive ions; only one ion
roman numerals are used to identify ionic charge in….
transition metals with two or more positive ions
name the ion:
Cr2+
Cr3+
chromium (II)
chromium (III)
name the ions:
-Pb2+
-Pb4+
-Lead (II)
-Lead (IV)
name FeCl2; explain
iron (II) chloride
-work backwards so FeCl2 becomes Fe^2+ and Cl^-1
-then name the Fe according to it’s charge (II)
-name the anion (chloride)
name the following:
-Fe2S3
-CuO
-Cr2O3
-Iron (III) Sulfide
-Copper (II) Oxide
-Chromium (III) Oxide
write the formula for the following:
-potassium sulfide
-iron(III) chloride
-copper(I) nitride
-lead(IV) oxide
-K2S
-FeCl3
-Cu3N
-PbO2
how do we name variable compounds involving polyatomic ions?
name the positive ion first, followed by the name of the polyatomic ion
name the following:
-MgS
-MgSO3
-MgSO4
-magnesium sulfide
-magnesium sulfite
-magnesium sulfate
name the following:
-Ca(ClO3)2
-CaCl2
-Ca(ClO2)2
-calcium chlorate
-calcium chloride
-calcium chlorite
name the following:
-Mg(NO3)2
-Cu(ClO3)2
-PbO2
-magnesium nitrate
-copper (II) chlorate
-lead (IV) peroxide
the formula of an ionic compound containing a polyatomic ion must have….
a charge balance that equals zero
the formula of an ionic compound with two or more polyatomic ions has….
the polyatomic ions in parentheses
write the correct formulas for the following:
-aluminum nitrate
-iron(III) hydroxide
-sodium phosphate
-Al(NO3)3
-Fe(OH)3
-Na^+PO4^3-
two nonmetal atoms from groups ______ form covalent bonds
4A, 5A, 6A, 7A
what are the diatomic elements?
hydrogen
nitrogen
oxygen
fluorine
chlorine
bromine
iodine
why and where do we use prefixes when naming compounds?
we use them when naming covalent compounds, because two nonmetals can form two or more different compounds
name the prefixes used to name covalent compounds
mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, deca
name SO3
sulfur trioxide
name P4S3
tetraphosphorus trisulfide
name the following:
-SiCl4
-P2O5
-Cl2O7
-silicon tetrachloride
-diphosphorus pentoxide
-dichlorine heptoxide
name N2O
dinitrogen monoxide
write the formula for carbon disulfide
CS2
write the formula for dinitrogen trioxide
N2O3
covalent compounds consist of ____
ONLY nonmetals
when naming molecular compounds, we….
use greek prefixes and change 2nd nonmetal ending with -ide
when naming ionic compounds with metals with one charge only, we….
metal name + nonmetal name (ending -ide)
when naming ionic compounds with metals with more than one charge, we…
metal name (charge as roman numeral) + nonmetal name (ending -ide)
when naming ionic compounds with polyatomic ions, we….
leave the name as it is
identify each as ionic or covalent, and name accordingly:
-SO2
-BaCl2
-(NH4)3PO4
-Cu2CO3
-N2O4
-covalent, sulfur dioxide
-ionic, barium chloride
-ionic (polyatomic), ammonium phosphate
-ionic, copper(I) carbonate
-covalent, dinitrogen tetroxide
acids with __ and ___ are named with the ___ and end with ___
hydrogen, nonmetal ; prefix hydro- , -ic acid
name HCl
hydrochloric acid
in an acid, what is the proper suffix for polyatomics ending in -ate and -ite?
-ic and -ous respectively
name HBr
hydrobromic acid
name H2CO3
carbonic acid
name HBrO2
bromous acid
