Quiz 2 Material (Atoms) Flashcards
Four qualities of matter
Hot, dry, cold and moist
Matter is composed of…..
a finite number of incredibly small but discrete units we call atoms
Each element consists of ________ particles called atoms.
indivisible,minute
All atoms of a given element are…..
identical
Atoms of different elements have
different masses
Atoms of two or more different elements combine to
form compounds
Atoms are rearranged to
form new combinations in a chemical reaction
Elements are only made with
One type of atom
Protons and neutrons have what mass?
Nearly the same mass
Electrons have what type of mass?
Negligible mass
What kinda of charges do protons, neutrons and electrons carry?
Protons: positive + 1
Neutrons: no charge
Electrons: negative -1
Which nucleon is heaviest?
Neutrons
Which nucleon is lightest?
Electrons
Where is most of an atoms mass located?
Inside the nucleus
What comprises most of an atoms volume?
The electron cloud
Like charges ___ and unlike charges ___
Repel, attract
Neutrons are….
Neutral
Mass number
Number of protons and neutrons inside the nucleus
Atomic number
Number of protons in the nucleus
Neutral atoms have
No overall charge
Every atom of a given element has
the same atomic number (same number of protons)
How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in iron-5?
26 p, 30 n, 26 e
Isotopes
atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons
Identify the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in Boron-11.
P: 5
N: 6
E: 5
The calculation of an element’s atomic weight includes the ____ of each isotope.
percent abundance
How do you calculate atomic mass?
-List the isotope
-List the mass in atomic units
-List isotopic abundance
-Multiply isotopic abundance by the mass and add the products
Rows and columns on the periodic table are called…..
Periods and groups
Properties of metals
conduct heat & electricity
shiny in appearance
are malleable & ductile
most are solids at room temp
Properties of non-metals
poor conductors of heat & electricity
not shiny, malleable or ductile (are brittle)
can be s, l, or g at room temp.
Properties of metalloids
conduct electricity but not as well as metals
Representative elements
Elements in A-groups
Transition elements
Elements in B-groups
Inner transition elements
Elements in series
Halogens
-exist as two atoms joined together
-very reactive
-combine with many other elements to form compounds
alkali metals and alkaline earth metals
-low melting points
-good conductors of heat and electricity
-react with water to form basic solutions
Noble gases
-Very stable
-Rarely combine with other elements
-Exist as monatomic gases
The net charge on an atom of a given element changes as ___ are added or removed
Electrons
Neutral atoms of all isotopes of a given element have the same
Number of electrons
How many neutrons are in an atom of uranium-235?
143
Where is the mass number located?
Bottom center or top left
Where is the atomic number located?
Top center or bottom left
Cations vs anions
Cations have a positive charge
Anions form a negative charge
Conversion for Celsius to Kelvin
tC + 273.15
How many cm in one inch?
2.54
How many grams in one pound?
453.592
Conversion for Celsius to Fahrenheit?
(tC x 1.8) + 32
How many pounds in a kilogram?
2.21
