Quiz 3: Hematologic System

Question 1

What is the Function of the Hematologic System?

Answer 1

1) Produce Blood Cells
2) Circulate Blood Cells
3) Clot Blood Appropiately

Question 2

Hematologic Chart Review

Answer 2

1) Eryrthrocytes (RBC)
2) Hemoglobin = Oxygen carrying component of RBCs
3) Sickle Cell Anemia = Abnormally shaped
4) Leukocytes (WBC)
- Leukopenia = decreased WBCs
- Leukocytosis = Increased WBCs (response to infection)
5) Platelets
- Thrombocytopenia = decreased platelets
6) Hemocrit: Percentage of RBCs in blood
- Anemia = too few RBCs

Question 3

Hematologic System Subjective Questions

Answer 3

Have you recently experienced…
• Change in skin color or nail beds
• Bleeding: nose, gums, easy bruising,
melena
• Hemarthrosis, muscle hemorrhage,
hematoma
• Fatigue, dyspnea, weakness
• Rapid pulse, palpitations
• Confusion, irritability
• Headache
• Fever or infection

Question 4

Hematologic System History Subjective Questions

Answer 4

Do you have a history of…
• Anemia (or being told you are
anemic)
• Prolonged steroid or NSAID use
• Taking blood thinners
• Sickle cell anemia (also may ask
about family history)
• Undergoing radiation or
chemotherap

Question 5

Hematologic System Signs and Symptoms

Answer 5

S/Sxs associated with even minimal
physical effort • Dyspnea, chest pain, palpitations,
severe weakness, and fatigue
• Neurologic: headaches, drowsiness,
dizziness, syncope, or
polyneuropathy
• Integumentary: pallor of the face,
hands, nail beds, and lips; cyanosis or
clubbing of the fingernail beds • Wounds, easy bruising, easy
bleeding

Question 6

Hematologic System Red Flags

Answer 6

Uncontrolled or unexplained
bleeding
• Blood in stool • Blood in vomit • Blood in urine • Unexplained bruising or wounds • Severe joint swelling and pain
(possibly hemarthrosis)
• Recent infection

Question 7

Hematologic Emergency Conditions

Answer 7

1) Acute Sickle Cell episode
- New/unexplained pain
- Chest pain
- SOB
- Seizures

2) S/S Of thrombocytopenia (decreased platelets)
- Excessive or spontaneous bleeding, petechiea, severe bruising

3) S/S of DVT or PE

Question 8

Well’s Criteria for PE

Answer 8

Score <4 should consider referrals for blood test

Question 9

Hematologic System urgent conditions

Answer 9

• New episodes of muscle or joint pain in a patient with hemophilia
  S/Sxs of undiagnosed or worsening anemia
• Dyspnea, fatigue, chest pain, weakness, palpitations
• Avascular Necrosis: Loss of blood supply to bones

Question 10

The Hematologic system is usually the primary culprit in issues with the system (True or False)

Answer 10

False, issues in this system are often the result of another problem