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110 > Quiz 3. Carious Lesions > Flashcards

Quiz 3. Carious Lesions Flashcards

1
Q

Dental Caries Intro

A

One of the most common diseases in humans
#1 in children
Causes pain/disability
Lead to infection, tooth loss

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2
Q

G.V Black, founder of modern dentristy

A

Added microbic plaque was the source of acids which is still believed today

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3
Q

Multifactorial Disease Process

A

There must be Time, Susceptible Tooth, Plaque Microorganisms, Substrate (Food, Carbs) present in order for a Caries to form

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4
Q

Caries are:

A

Tooth covered by a film of bacteria that’s exposed to a carb substrate and bacterial metabolizes it.
Weak acid byproducts are produced
If enough acid changes pH, enamel demineralized

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5
Q

Description of Carious Lesions

A

Categorized where located. 4 General areas
Pit and fissure caries (occlusal surface grooves)
Smooth surface caries (anterior)
Root surface caries
Secondary/recurrent caries (on tooth surface adj to an existing restoration)

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6
Q

Incipient lesion

A

Initial stage of tooth decay, hasn’t penetrated enamel

Looks like white spot on enamel

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7
Q

How caries move

A

Start in enamel (hard to get through), get to junction, then dentin (spreads quickly)

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8
Q

Caries stages

A

Incipient
Progess of Demineralization
Over or frank lesions

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9
Q

All Caries start as incipient lesion

A

but not all turn out overt, can stop

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10
Q

Overt or frank lesions

A

characterized by actual cavitation (loss of enamel integrity)

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11
Q

Rampant decay occurs if:

A

development of overt lesions is rapid/extensive (on more than one tooth)
After excessive and frequent intake of sucrose (carbs) and presence of xerostomia

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12
Q

Direct Connection of Bacterial Biofilm to the body of a lesion

A

Demineralization
Remineralization
Enamel Rods (interlocking structure)
Ragged profile created from demineralization
Progression depends on pH in saliva, flow, rate

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13
Q

Caries almost always

A

start in the shape of a triangle

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14
Q

Dental Caries Bacteria

A

Mutans Steptococcus (main)
Lactobacillus: rod shaped
300 species of bacteria in plaque

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15
Q

Mutans Streptococci and caries (MAIN)

A

Major pathogenic species involved in caries.

Found in large numbers in plaque that forms instantly over developing smooth surface lesions

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16
Q

MS and caries are able

A

to produce extracellular glucans and acids (byproducts)

It causes damange through lactic acid (mostly) and other acid

17
Q

What pH does enamel loss occur

A

5.5 or lower is demineralization

18
Q

Lactobacilli and Caries

A

They aren’t required for caries development but can contribute to it.
Common after irradiation therapy for head and neck cancer, saliva is stickier

19
Q

Sources of Acids

A 
Sources of acid in oral biolfilm ecology:
Dietary
Bacterial
Environmental
Intrinsic (bulimina)
May all work in combination
20
Q

Diet

A

Solid/sticky sugars 40min to neutralize
Liquid sugars 20 min to neutralize
Times don’t start until fully out of teeth
Amount of sugars and frequency and time all affects caries rate

21
Q

Tooth Susceptibility (Most)

A

1st and 2nd molars

Mand premolars

22
Q

Tooth Susceptibility (Least)

A

Anterior teeth (Tongue, self cleaning)

23
Q

Major Salivary Glands

A

Parotid
Submand
Sublingual
Saliva helps to prevent caries

24
Q

Saliva

A

Repairs damage by neutralizing acids and replacing lost materials (remineralized)

25
Q

Parotid Gland

A

Secrete sodium bicarbonate (neutralize acid)

Initiate carb digestion

26
Q

Function of Saliva

A 
Lubrication
Clearance of food
Buffer for pH 6.4-6.7
Antibacterial
Ca, P, and Flouride saturation (used to remineralize)
27
Q

Conditions in which caries happen

A

Coronal dentin caries (crown of tooth)
Occur at pH 6
Secondary/recurrent caries

28
Q

Coronal Dentin Caries

A 
Enamel protects underlying dentin
Dentin protects pulp
Pits and Fissures (susceptible) 
Smooth surface
Interproximal (more susceptible, harder to remove bacterial from flossing)
29
Q

Root caries

A

Must have root exposed

Risk factors are age, gender, flouride exposure, illness, oral hygiene

30
Q

Secondary/Recurrent Caries

A

Occur from imperfections in/around restoration
Chance of happening again 50%
Prevention is key
Applying flouride-releasing materials to bone the tissue

31
Q

The Stephan Curve

A

Drop and recovery curve w/ sucrose

32
Q

Demineralization and Remineralization Principles

A

Demineralization is caused my plaque acid. Remineralization needs same ions w/ flouride as catalyst
Flouride chemically stronger than Ca

33
Q

Fluorohydroxyapatite vs Hydroxyapatite

A

Flouri. is more resistant to acid damage

34
Q

Depth of Remineralization

A

Topical procedures are successful in stimulating surface remineralization

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