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x SCO summer 2015 Pharmacology > Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Minocycline

A

PSI, Tetracycline. reversibly binds to 30s ribo. subunit preventing tRNA binding–translation stops.

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2
Q

Valacyclovir (Valtrex)

A

Herpesvirus drug.?Guanosine analog gets incorporated into viral DNA via DNA poly

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3
Q

Cycloserine

A

Second-line antimycobacterial. Inhibits cell wall synthesis

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4
Q

Caspofungin

A

Antifungal, Echinocandin. lyses cell wall.

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5
Q

Fidaxomicin

A

PSI, Macrolide/Ketolide. Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.

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6
Q

Fluconazole

A

Antifungal, Azole. Inhibits P450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ERGOSTERL, disrupting fungal membrane.

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7
Q

Dapsone

A

Antimicobacterial, Leprosy drug. Inhibits folate synthesis.

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8
Q

Linezolid

A

PSI, “other”. binds to 50s subunit to inhibit ribosome complex formation.

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9
Q

Isoniazid

A

First-line antimycobacterial. Prodrug gets converted and blocks mycolic acid production

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10
Q

Famciclovir

A

Herpesvirus drug. ?Guanosine analog gets incorporated into viral DNA via DNA poly

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11
Q

Trimethoprim

A

Antifolate. Inhibits dehydrogolate reductase, preventing dihydrofolic to tetra

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12
Q

Amantadine

A

Respiratory flu drug. inhibits viral uncoating. Blocks viral membrane matrix protein M2 so viral and host membrane can’t fuse.

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13
Q

Azithromycin (Zithromax, Zpak)

A

PSI, Macrolide/Ketolide. Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.

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14
Q

Micafungin

A

Antifungal, Echinocandin. lyses cell wall.

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15
Q

Acyclovir

A

Herpesvirus drug. Guanosine analog gets incorporated into viral DNA via DNA poly

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16
Q

Nitrofurantoin

A

Urinary Tract Antiseptic. bacteria makes drug a toxic intermediate that damages their DNA

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17
Q

Cotrimoxazole (Bactrim)

A

Antifolate. Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole

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18
Q

Tobramycin

A

PSI Aminoglycoside. Binds to 30s ribo subunit preventing protein synthesis initiation AND cause misreading of mRNA causing wrong AA insertion.

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19
Q

Doxycycline

A

PSI, Tetracycline. reversibly binds to 30s ribo. subunit preventing tRNA binding–translation stops.

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20
Q

Norfloxacin

A

2nd line antimycobacterial and 2nd Gen Flouroquinolone. Enters bacteria via diffusion; uses dual mechanism to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.

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21
Q

Flucytosine

A

Antifungal, “Other”. drug enters fungal cell and is converted into the antimetabolite 5-FU

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22
Q

Amphotericin B

A

Antifungal, Polyene Antibiotic. binds to ergosterol in membrane making ion pore > death.

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23
Q

Ethionamide

A

Second-line antimycobacterial. Prodrug gets converted and blocks mycolic acid production

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24
Q

Ketoconazole

A

Antifungal, Azole. Inhibits P450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ERGOSTERL, disrupting fungal membrane.

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25
Q

Moxifloxacin

A

2nd line ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL and 4nd Gen Flouroquinolone. Enters bacteria via diffusion; uses dual mechanism to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.

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26
Q

Pyrazinamide

A

First-line antimycobacterial. Inhibits growth by lowering intracellular pH

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27
Q

Posaconazole

A

Antifungal, Azole. Inhibits P450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ERGOSTERL, disrupting fungal membrane.

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28
Q

Ribavirin

A

Viral Hepatitis drug. guanosine analog causes dec guanosine triphosphate, blocking DNA/RNA synthesis.

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29
Q

Neomycin

A

PSI Aminoglycoside. Binds to 30s ribo subunit preventing protein synthesis initiation AND cause misreading of mRNA causing wrong AA insertion.

30
Q

Ethambutol

A

First-line antimycobacterial. interferes with cell wall synthesis

31
Q

Rimantadine

A

Respiratory flu drug. inhibits viral uncoating. Blocks viral membrane matrix protein M2 so viral and host membrane can’t fuse.

32
Q

Capreomycin

A

Second-line antimycobacterial. Inhibits protein synthesis

33
Q

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

A

Respiratory flu drug. Inhibits neuraminidase, kills virus.

34
Q

Ofloxacin

A

2nd line antimycobacterial and 2nd Gen Flouroquinolone. Enters bacteria via diffusion; uses dual mechanism to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.

35
Q

Itraconazole

A

Antifungal, Azole. Inhibits P450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ERGOSTERL, disrupting fungal membrane.

36
Q

Rifapentine

A

First-line antimycobacterial. inhibits RNA polymerase to prevent transcription.

37
Q

Ganciclovir

A

Cytomegalovirus drug. Guanosine analog gets incorporated into viral DNA via DNA poly.

38
Q

Gemifloxacin

A

2nd line antimycobacterial and 4nd Gen Flouroquinolone. Enters bacteria via diffusion; uses dual mechanism to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.

39
Q

Telithromycin

A

PSI, “Ketolide”. Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.

40
Q

Trifluridine (Viroptic)

A

Herpesvirus drug. Flourinated pyrimidne nucleotide inhibits incorporatation of thymide triphosphate into viral DNA ; drug also incoporates into viral DNA.

41
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

PSI, “other”. binds to 50s ribo subunit to inhibit pepbide bond formation.

42
Q

Erythromycin

A

PSI, Macrolide/Ketolide. Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.

43
Q

Streptomycin

A

Second-line antimycobacterial aminoglycoside. MoA not given.

44
Q

Tetracycline

A

PSI, Tetracycline. reversibly binds to 30s ribo. subunit preventing tRNA binding–translation stops.

45
Q

Sulfadiazine

A

Antifolate. Prohibits bacterial production of folate becasuse drug is PABA analogue and competes with dihydropteroate synthetase.

46
Q

Rifabutin

A

First-line antimycobacterial. inhibits RNA polymerase to prevent transcription.

47
Q

Clindamycin

A

PSI, “other”. Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.

48
Q

Boceprevir

A

Viral Hepatitis drug. Bind to active site of HCV protease

49
Q

Levofloxacin (Levaquin)

A

2nd line ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL and 3nd Gen Flouroquinolone. Enters bacteria via diffusion; uses dual mechanism to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.

50
Q

Sulfamethoxazole

A

Antifolate. Prohibits bacterial production of folate becasuse drug is PABA analogue and competes with dihydropteroate synthetase.

51
Q

Lamivudine

A

Viral Hepatitis drug. inhibits HBV DNA poly and HIV rev transcriptase.

52
Q

Anidulafungin

A

Antifungal, Echinocandin. lyses cell wall.

53
Q

Interferon

A

Viral Hepatitis drug. MoA poorly known: inhibit viral RNA tranlsation

54
Q

Clarithromycin

A

PSI, Macrolide/Ketolide. Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.

55
Q

Cidofovir

A

Cytomegalovirus drug. cytosine analog inhibits DNA synthesis wo/ need of viral enzymes.

56
Q

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

A

2nd line ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL and 2nd Gen Flouroquinolone. Enters bacteria via diffusion; uses dual mechanism to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.

57
Q

Tenofovir

A

Viral Hepatitis drug. nucleotide analog inhibits viral reverse transcriptase.

58
Q

Voriconazole

A

Antifungal, Azole. Inhibits P450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ERGOSTERL, disrupting fungal membrane.

59
Q

Tigecycline

A

PSI, “Tetracycline”; actually a glycylcycline. reversibly binds to 30s ribo. subunit preventing tRNA binding–translation stops.

60
Q

Clofazimine

A

Antimicobacterial, Leprosy drug. binds to DNA to prevent using it as a template for replication

61
Q

Nystatin

A

Antifungal, Polyene Antibiotic. binds to ergosterol in membrane making ion pore > death.

62
Q

Zanamivir

A

Respiratory flu drug. Inhibits neuraminidase, kills virus.

63
Q

Methenamine

A

Urinary Tract Antiseptic. Makes formaldehyde at low 5.5 pH

64
Q

Amikacin

A

PSI Aminoglycoside. Binds to 30s ribo subunit preventing protein synthesis initiation AND cause misreading of mRNA causing wrong AA insertion.

65
Q

Griseofulvin

A

Antifungal, “Other”. Inhibits fungal mitosis until skin sloughs it off.

66
Q

Gentamicin

A

PSI Aminoglycoside. Binds to 30s ribo subunit preventing protein synthesis initiation AND cause misreading of mRNA causing wrong AA insertion.

67
Q

Sulfacetamide

A

Antifolate. Prohibits bacterial production of folate becasuse drug is PABA analogue and competes with dihydropteroate synthetase.

68
Q

Terbinafine

A

Antifungal, “Other”. Squalene builds up becuase drug prevents conversion into ergosterl by inhibiting squalene epoxidase

69
Q

Demeclocycline

A

PSI, Tetracycline. reversibly binds to 30s ribo. subunit preventing tRNA binding–translation stops.

70
Q

Macrolides

A

Second-line antimycobacterial and PSI. Binds to 50s ribo. subunit (can inhibit its formation) to block peptidyltransferasecenter to prevent AA elongation.

71
Q

Rifampin

A

First-line antimycobacterial. inhibits RNA polymerase to prevent transcription.

72
Q

Telaprevir

A

Viral Hepatitis drug. Bind to active site of HCV protease

x SCO summer 2015 Pharmacology (6 decks)

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