Quiz 3 - 2/23 Flashcards
Social Cognition
How the social environment (situation) influences individuals regardless of personality
Fundamental attribution error (FAE)
When judging another’s actions, we overvalue personality over situational factors
Self-serving bias
When judging our own behavior, we attribute credit to ourselves and blame the situations
Who are we most likely to judge as we judge ourselves?
a best friend
Who are we most likely to misjudge?
a stranger
How can political beliefs override FAE?
Political beliefs show how we place blame/credit on other people
Why does attribution matter? (homeless example)
If we think that homeless people got in their position because of who they are (bad people), then we are less likely to support policies that help them.
Attitudes
Feelings, often influenced by our beliefs, that predispose us to act in a particular way
Cognitive dissonance
The tension created by the conflict of actions and attitudes; when our actions don’t aline with our beliefs
How do you relieve the tension of cognitive dissonance?
attitudes can change; exceptions are made
Roles
cultural expectations for social positions
What happens the longer you are in a role?
The longer you are in a role, the more your attitudes change to fill the expectations for those positions.
Cognitive dissonance helps us…
adapt to new roles, for good and for bad
Prejudice
unjustifiable, typically negative attitude toward a group (typically a different culture, ethnic, or gender group).
3 types of preudice
stereotypes, emotions, and discrimination
Stereotypes
prejudiced beliefs
Emotions
typically negative
Discrimination
prejudiced actions
Explicit prejudice
conscious prejudicial attitudes and behaviors; overt and subtle prejudice
Overt prejudice
openly shown prejudice
Subtle prejudice
known but not openly shown prejudice
Implicit prejudice
unconscious biasing towards prejudicial slants
How do you test implicit prejudice?
Implicit association test (IAT)
What type of prejudice is more representative of someone’s cultural bias?
Implicit prejudice
Conformity
adjusting to group standards
Asch Line Study is an example of what?
Conformity
Normative influence
conform to fit in
Informational influence
conform to be right
What factors make people more likely to conform?
Group size, the status, and caliber of people present, etc.
Obedience
following orders
The Milgram “shock learning” study is an example of what?
Obedience
What factors might influence obedience?
Distance from the other person, the testing place/university status, etc.
