Quiz 2

Question 1

Operant Conditioning

Answer 1

learning voluntary behaviors through actions that are associated with a consequence.

Question 2

Rewarded behavior is…

Answer 2

more likely to happen again.

Question 3

Punished behavior is…

Answer 3

less likely to happen again.

Question 4

Shaping behavior

Answer 4

reinforcing behavior to get animals/people to do unnatural things.

Question 5

Reinforcement

Answer 5

any event that increases the frequency of the desired behavior.

Question 6

Positive reinforcement

Answer 6

increases behavior by ADDING a stimulus.

Question 7

Negative reinforcement

Answer 7

decreases behavior by REMOVING a stimulus.

Question 8

Partial reinforcement

Answer 8

how and when reward is given biases behavior.

Question 9

More ________ on ratios

Answer 9

behaviors

Question 10

More _________ with variable

Answer 10

consistent

Question 11

Ratio

Answer 11

a set number of times some action has to occur before a reward is given.

Question 12

Variable

Answer 12

period of time where nothing you do matters; action only matters at a certain point in time.

Question 13

Fixed ratio

Answer 13

a set, known goal where a reward will be given.

Question 14

Variable ratio

Answer 14

the goal is not known; don’t know the amount of work required to get a reward.

Question 15

Fixed interval

Answer 15

rewards occur after an action as a specific point in time.

Question 16

Variable interval

Answer 16

rewards occur after an action at a random/unknown point in time.

Question 17

Punishment

Answer 17

any event that decreases the frequency of the desired behavior.

Question 18

Positive punishment

Answer 18

decreases behavior by ADDING an aversive stimulus.

Question 19

Negative punishment

Answer 19

decreases behavior by REMOVING a desirable stimulus.

Question 20

Extinction

Answer 20

a learned consequence stops happening.

Question 21

Generalization

Answer 21

you do the same behavior in a new situation expecting similar results.

Question 22

Discrimination

Answer 22

you learn each situation is a bit different.

Question 23

Vicarious conditioning

Answer 23

learning associations through observing and imitation.

Question 24

Mirror neurons

Answer 24

respond to ours and other’s actions; learned behaviors

Question 25

How do we initially learn?

Answer 25

through imitation

Question 26

Bobo Doll Study

Answer 26

kids don’t just “monkey see, monkey do,” but instead follow operant consequences

Question 27

We are most likely to learn from those we…

Answer 27

pay attention to and imitate.

Question 28

Who are you more likely to pay attention to and imitate?

Answer 28

model people that are similar/alike to yourself, have status and authority, or are successful

Question 29

Prosocial behavior

Answer 29

builds positive relationships with other people.

Question 30

Antisocial behaviors

Answer 30

builds negative relationships with other people.