Quiz 3 Flashcards
Causes Chagas’ Disease
Trypanosoma cruzi
Which group of extant plants is the most similar to the likely ancestor of terrestrial plants? (Hint: I’m not looking for the ancestral green algae)
Charophyseans
The term for the “illegal” hunting of animals
Poaching
A group of taxa derived from two or more different ancestors is considered:
Polyphyletic
Influenza is a disease of the respiratory tract caused by a virus. Over recorded history, there have been numerous recorded episodes of global pandemics. Which specific influenza strain are health agencies and governments worldwide worried will be the next global killer?
H5N1 Bird Flu
Which scientific field seeks geo-physical explanations for disjunct distributions of organisms?
Vicariance Biogeography
Nematodes possess which type of muscle arrangement?
Longitudinal
The coelom of annelids is partitioned by which structures?
Septa
Hookworm, pinworm, heartworm, elephantiasis filaria, are all…
All but A and E (parasitic, nematodes, endoparasites)
African Eye Worm
Loa loa
Which was the portion of Pangea made up by the southern continental landmasses?
gondwana
(Octopus) Phylum?
Mollusca
(Octopus) Class?
Cephalopoda
(Octopus) Habitat?
Marine
(Octopus) Which “structure are the arms derived from?
Foot
The random fluctuations in the number of gene variants in a population, takes place when the occurrence of variant forms of a gene, called alleles, increases and decreases by chance over time.
Genetic drift
Which scientist studied the effects of predator-prey ratios involving the impact of “Killer Whales” on California Sea Otters?
Jim Estes
Onchocerca volvulus is a nematode roundworm and the causative agent of “River Blindness.” In various parts of Africa, Central and South America, in the river valleys, many village adults over the age of 30 are blind, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Humans are bitten by Black Flies, which breed in slow moving rivers, and the parasite larva is transmitted to the human host. Humans are the reservoir for this disease. When the adult worms die in the human, the body elicits an immune response that can cause severe itching, and lesions in the ocular tissue which can lead to blindness. Since the Black Flies must feed on humans to pick up the parasite, to break the life cycle, the pharmaceutical company MERCK, has decided to donate as much medication as necessary in order to eradicate the parasite wherever it occurs. What is the drug that is the primary component in the medication provided by MERCK?
Ivermectin
Bivalves have a ___ circulatory system, cephalopods have a ____ circulatory system.
open, closed
Diffusion dispersal is where individuals of a population disperse on their own power over un-inhabitable terrain during the course of their lifetime. (T/F)
False
A disease that normally infects animals, but is also capable of causing disease in humans, is referred to as what type of disease?
Zoonosis
The ESA is administered by which two agencies?
The USFWS and NOAA
The US Congress passed its first legislation to protect endangered vertebrates in 1966. When was the expanded version of the ESA (which covered plants and animals) signed into law and by which President?
1973 by President Nixon
The function of flame cells is…
A and C (excretion of metabolic wastes and osmoregulation)
A major evolutionary transition from one type of organism to another occurring at the level of the species and higher taxa is called…
Macroevolution
The ESA only protects species that are officially listed as “threatened” or “endangered.” (T/F)
True
Gastropoda was the first taxonomic group to exhibit a complete mouth to anus digestive tract. (T/F)
False
If you were looking for a “glass sponge” you would most likely find one in which of the following places…
deep water (200m-1000m deep)
(Cube Jelly) Phylum?
Cnidaria
(Cube Jelly) Class?
Cubozoa
(Cube Jelly) Stinging cells are called cnidocytes or nematocysts?
Cnidocytes
(Cube Jelly) T/F: Stings from these can be fatal to humans?
True
A “Biological Species” may be best defined as which of the following?
A group of phenotypically similar individuals that can freely interbreed under natural conditions, and are reproductively isolated from other such groups.
Plants that are vascular, produce seeds, but do not flower or produce fruit.
Gymnosperms
Entamoeba coli captures food by means of…
pseudopods
Introduced or exotic species like the zebra mussel often explode in numbers, reaching densities in their new homes far greater than they ever did in their original range. This is most likely because
All of these
Classified in Phylum Cilophora
Paramecium caudatus
In what location are the choanocytes in the Syconoid body plans found?
Radial Canals
Polychaete (Deep Sea Tube) worms are placed into which of the following groups?
Annelida
In what location are the choanocytes in Asconoid body plans found?
Spongocoel
A scientist who studies the behavior of animals is called a(n)…
Ethologist
What is the most advanced (i.e., most derived) class of mollusks?
Cephalopoda
Mature (i.e., adult) stages of schistosomid trematodes infect…
definitive hosts
Beef Tapeworm
Taenia saginata
Spermatozoa “enter” a sponge through the…
Ostia
What is the type of body cavity which is solid, filled w/ embryonic mesenchymal tissue?
Acoelomate
(Rotifer) Class?
Monogenea
(Rotifer) Free-living, endoparasitic, or ectoparasitic?
Ectoparasitic
(Rotifer) Where do you tend to find these?
Gills of fish & amphibians
(Rotifer) Phylum?
Nematoda
(Leech) Phylum?
Annelida
(Leech) Class?
Hirudinea
(Leech) Species?
Hirudo medicinalis
(Leech) Food habits?
Sanguinivorous
Certain fungi play the role of “recyclers” in nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. These types of fungi may appear on rotting trees, leaf litter, and even dead animals. They release exoenzymes from the tips of their hyphae that decompose and release organic material into the surrounding environment. What are the types of fungi called?
Saprophytic fungi
