Quiz 2 Questions Flashcards
(87 cards)
1
Q
- What are the life cycle stages of Platyhelminthes in order?
a) Egg, Miracidium, Rediae, Metacercariae, Sporocyst, Cercariae
b) Egg, Miracidium, Sporocyst, Rediae, Cercariae, Metacercariae
c) Egg, Rediae, Miracidium, Sporocyst, Cercariae, Metacercariae
Egg, sporocyst, Radiae, Miracidium, Cercariae, Metacercariae
A
b) Egg, Miracidium, Sporocyst, Rediae, Cercariae, Metacercariae
2
Q
What animal is usually the intermediate host of a Plathyhelminthes?
A
Snail/molluscs
3
Q
Eating what contaminated aquatic vegetable can lead to an infection of Fasciolepsis buski, the Giant Intestinal Fluke?
A
Water chestnuts
4
Q
What is the type of symmetry of nematodes?
A
Bilateral symmetry
5
Q
What is the definitive host of Polystoma intergerrimum?
a) Humans
b) Dogs
c) Mice
d) Frogs
A
d) frogs
6
Q
The pinworm has how many hosts in its life cycle?
A
One
7
Q
List 2 parasites that can be treated with Praziquantel (Latin names)
A
Clonorchis sinensis
Paragonimus westermani
8
Q
How do schistosomes get into the human host?
A
Penetrate skin of human in water
9
Q
What are the two stages in the development of trematodes that are free living?
a) Eggs, rediae
b) Miracidium, cercariae
c) Eggs, miracidium
d) Metacaercariae, sporocyst
A
b) Miracidium, cercariae
10
Q
What is a prohaptor?
A
Attachment organ with hooks at posterior end of body
11
Q
Where does mature Fasciola hepatica reside inside the host?
A
Bile ducts
12
Q
What is the habitat of the adult form of Taenia solium?
A
Intestine of humans
13
Q
True or False
Tapeworms (cestodes) have an anus and a mouth
A
False
14
Q
What species of nematode commonly infects children and causes itchiness?
A
Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)
15
Q
Name three species of tapeworms
A
Taenia solium
Taenia saginata
Cysticercus solium
Cysticercus bovis
16
Q
What causes cysticerosis
A
Cysticerus solium
17
Q
Class Termatoda:
a) Most common and abundant parasitic worms of all classes of vertebrates
b) At least two hosts
c) Parasitize nearly every organ in vertebrate body
d) A and C only
All of the above
A
e) all of the above
18
Q
Define miracidium
A
Ciliated, free-swimming larva
19
Q
The suckers in Class Trematoda are well-developed in intestine parasited to be attached to the organ. Mention the three types of the well-developed suckers.
A
Monostome
Amphystome
Distome
20
Q
What is the species name of the sheep liver fluke? Where does the parasite reside?
A
Fasciola hepatica
Bile ducts
21
Q
What is the most suitable freshwater fish host of Clonorchis sinensis?
A
Pseudorasbora parva
22
Q
How does the scolex of Taenia solium (pork) differ from the scolex of T. saginata (beef)?
A
Taenia saginata does not have any hooks
Taenia solium has circular row of hooks
23
Q
It is possible to distinguish the eggs of T. solium from the eggs of T. saginata. (True/False)
A
False
24
Q
Chonorchis sinensisis a member of which phylum and class?
A
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Trematoda
25
What life stage of Fasciolopsis buski is found attached to the water chestnut?
a) egg
b) metacercaria
c) miracidium
d) cercaria
e) adult
b) metacercaria
26
_____ cestodes have a single proglottid. _____ cestodes have more than one proglottid.
Monozoic
| Polyzoic
27
Why does Echinococcus granulosus cause so many more problems for humans than other cestodes?
Localize in different organs (cysts in liver, lung, bones, and sometimes, brain) and form hydatid cysts, which can be up to 30cm, which may contain larvae.
Cysts cause variety of problems and need to be surgically removed, like a tumour.
28
Which animal serves as an intermediate or paratenic host of Dioctophyme renale?
a) annelid
b) cat
c) copepod
d) crustacean
e) all of the above
a) annelid
29
Describe what traumatic insemination is and name one species that does it.
```
Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)
Following mating, male dies
```
30
Why are pinworms, for the most part, common in children (why is it easier for them to get re-infected)?
Children will put their hands in their mouth after scratching their anus
31
How do flatworms respire?
Respire by diffusion
32
What serves as a reservoir of infection for Clonorchis sinensis
Carnivorous animals, such as humans
33
Beef tapeworm T. saginata has ____ suckers but no ____ or ____
Four
Hooks
Neck
34
What is the common name of Dirofilaria immitis?
Canine or dog heartworm
35
What is the most prevalent hookworm infection?
Ancylostomiasis
36
What is the taxonomic name for the guinea worm?
a) Loa loa
b) Wucheria bancrofti
c) Dracunculus medinensis
d) Dirofilaria immitis
c) Dracunculus medinesis
37
Hookworms are able to transmit their larvae through mammary glands. True or false?
True
38
What species causes Onchocerciasis aka river blindness?
a) Onchocerca bancrofti
b) Onchocerca volvulus
c) Onchocerca loa
d) Onchocerca immitis
b) Onchocerca valvulus
39
The bodies of most tapeworms consist of a chain of ____.
Proglottids
40
What are the 3 classes of phylum platyhelminthes?
Monogenea, Trematoda (flukes), and Cestoda (tapeworms)
41
Polystoma integerrimum is more commonly known as what?
Frog bladder fluke
42
Taenia saginata is a parasite humans acquire from:
a) Pork
b) Fish
c) Beef
d) Chicken
c) Beef
43
What is the definitive host of Taenia solium?
Humans
44
What is the difference between monostome and amphystome?
Monostome: only one oral sucker
Amphystome: has oral sucker and acetabulum at posterior end of the body
45
How is Paragonimus westermani treated and prevented?
Praziquantel
| Adequate cooking of crustaceans is a preventative measure, and improving sanitary conditions in endemic areas
46
What are some of the symptoms of Eleocharis dulcis (Chinese water chestnut) infection?
Epigastric pain, nausea and diarrhea, edema, ascites
47
How are animals infected with Trichinella spiralis?
Animals are infected when they ingest infective larvae (juveniles) in raw or undercooked meat
48
What is the infective stage of Strongyloides stercoralis?
Larvae, penetrating through skin
49
What is the scientific name for the oriental liver fluke?
Clonorchis sinesis
50
What is the scientific name for the Chinese water chestnut?
Eleocharis dulcis
51
What class do tapeworms belong to?
Cestoidea
52
What is the name of the head-like structure used by tapeworms to attach to their hosts?
Scolex
53
At which end of a tape worm would you find the most newly formed proglottid?
Proximal end
54
Class _____ is the most common and abundant class of parasitic worms of all classes of vertebrates
Trematoda
55
What larval stage is responsibly for transmission from host to host in Monogenea parasites?
Oncomiracidium
56
Clonorchis sinensis is most commonly found in:
a) India
b) South Korea
c) China
d) Canada
c) CHina
57
What are the two subclasses of Cestoidea?
Cestodaria
| Eucestoda
58
How is the diagnosis of Cysticercosis confirmed?
Recovery of eggs or proglottids in stool or from perianal area
59
What drug is used to treat Trichuris trichiura, or whipworm?
Mebendazole
60
How do pinworms mate?
Traumatic insemination
61
What causes Cochin-China diarrhea?
Strongyloides stercoralis (Threadworm)
62
What parasite causes river blindness?
Onchocerca volvulus
63
What is the correct order of the stages of the digene larvae life cycle (Phylum Platyhelminthes; Class Trematoda) including the egg?
Egg, miracidium, sporocyst, redia, cercaria, metacerceria, adult trematode
64
What phylum comprises the simplest animals that are both bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic?
Nematoda
65
In subclass Eucestoda (Tapeworms), when is the definitive host infected?
a. Definitive host ingests the promastigote stage in the intermediate host.
b. Definitive host ingests the metacestode stage in the intermediate host.
c. Definitive host ingests the polyzoic stage in the intermediate host.
d. Definitive host ingests the mature larval stage in the intermediate host.
b. Definitive host ingests the metacestode stage in the intermediate host.
66
Name 2 causative agents of hydatid cysts (Species names).
Echinococcus granulosus
| Echinococcus multilocularis
67
What types of drugs are used to treat infection from Ascaris lumbricoides (Large intestinal roundworm)?
Mebendazole, Nitazoxanide, and ivermectin, bind to tubulin in worm’s intestinal cells and body wall muscles
68
Which parasite is responsible for causing Cysticercosis (Latin name)?
Cysticercus solium
69
Which of the following statements is false?
A) Nematodes can be found in the deep ocean
B) Unlike most parasites, male Nematodes must compete for a mate
C) Female Nematodes can produce eggs without fertilization
D) Both male and female Nematodes can live in the human kidneys
E) Nematodes do not have round muscles, only longitudinal
F) All of the above statements are true
B) Unlike most parasites, male Nematodes must compete for a mate
70
D. renale can be found in the ____ of the human host, and the most effective treatment for this parasite is _____.
Kidney
| Surgical removal
71
Which of the following statements is false?
A) Immature tape worms are referred to as metacestodes and the sexually matured tapeworm is found in the small intestine
B) The definitive host is the animal to which the tapeworm reaches sexual maturity, infection of the definitive host is much harder to treat than infection of the intermediate host
C) Different species of tape worms can be characterised by the number of proglottids
D) T. solium and T. saginata are known as the pork and beef tape worm respectively
E) When hunting deer, it is important to cook the meat thoroughly to avoid deer liver fluke infection
F) Both B and E are incorrect
F) Both B and E are correct
72
```
From the parasites we discussed, which of the following foods, when eaten raw, provide a significant risk?
A) Fresh water fish
B) Deer liver
C) Salt water fish
D) Chestnuts
```
A) Fresh water fish
73
Define tripoblastic
Having a body derived from three embryonic cell layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm)
74
The sexually mature form of the tapeworm is found in the
a) Midgut of flies
b) Definitive host
c) Intermediate host
d) Metacestodes
b) Definitive host
75
Ancylostoma duodenale is commonly caused by
a) Eating raw meat
b) Walking barefoot in contaminated areas
c) Eating raw fish
d) Eating raw snails
b) Walking barefoot in contaminated areas
76
Schistosomes are also knows as...
a) Blood flukes
b) Oriental liver fluke
c) Chinese fluke
d) Lung fluke
a) blood flukes
77
How do you diagnose schistosomiasis?
Recovering eggs in urine or stool
78
Unlike Class Digenea, Class Monogenea :
a) Have complex life cycles specialized for parasitism in animal tissues
b) Have direct life-cycle with no asexual reproduction
c) Are in one of the major taxon of flukes
d) Both B and C
b) Have direct life-cycle with no asexual reproduction
79
Are all species of the class Trematoda (Digenea) parasitic?
Yes
80
Which class of Platyhelminthes is/are hermaphrodited?
Trematoda, Monogenea
81
What is not a class of phylum Plathyhelminthes?
a) Trematoda
b) Monogenea
c) Cestoda
d) Hepatica
d) Hepatica
82
What is the geographical location of the parasite Fascioclopsis buski?
a) Eastern and southern Africa
b) Northern and western Africa
c) Central and southeast Asia
d) Northwest Asia
c) Central and southeast Asia
83
Platyhelminthes have:
a) Radial symmetry
b) Asymmetry
c) Bilateral symmetry
d) Biradial symmetry
c) Bilateral symmetry
84
What is the scientific name for Threadworm
a) Cetonia aurata
b) Strongyloides stercoralis
c) Echinorhynchus salmonis
d) Macrocanthorhynchus hirudinaceus
b) Strongyloides stercoralis
85
How far and fast can a Dracunulus medinensis, Guinea worm, be removed from the human body?
Treatment includes the extraction of the adult guinea worm by rolling it a few centimeters per day
86
What is the common vector for Wuchereria bancrofti and Wuchereria malayi (Common name)?
Mosquitoes
87
How much blood does Hirudo medicinalis ingest while feeding?
a) 20-30 ml
b) 1-4 ml
c) 10-15 ml
d) 5-7 ml
c) 10-15 ml
