Quiz 2 MOA

Question 1

Categories for Tx of depression

Answer 1

1. MAO inhibitors
2. Tricyclic inhibitors
3. SSRI
4. SNRI
5. Atypical

Question 2

MAO inhibitor MOA

Answer 2

Can tx depression by preventing reuptake of NE, 5HT, and dopamine. Not selective.

Question 3

Tricyclic inhibitor MOA

Answer 3

Can tx depression by preventing reuptake of NE and 5HT. Similar to SNRI, but SNRI’s have less side effects.

Question 4

SSRI MOA

Answer 4

Can tx depression by preventing reuptake of 5HT

Question 5

SNRI MOA

Answer 5

Can tx depression by preventing reuptake of 5HT and NE Similar to Tricyclic, but SNRI’s have less side effects.

Question 6

Atypical anti depressants MOA

Answer 6

1. Buproprion. Prevents reuptake of NE and dopamine.

2 & 3. Trazadone and Nefazadone. Prevent reuptake of 5HT. Similar to SSRI, but weaker.

4. Mertazapine. Enhances transmission of NE and 5HT. Alpha 2 blocker.

2-4 are also anti-histamine.

Question 7

Categories for Tx of anxiety

Answer 7

1. Benzodiazepines.
2. Benzodiazepine antagonist.
3. Anxiolytic/serotonin reuptake agonist.
4. Barbiturates
5. Tx of alcohol dependence
6. Other Hypnotics (sleep) - melatonin receptor agonist and benzo like.

Question 8

Benzodiazepine MOA

Answer 8

tx anxiety

Increases GABA affinity to GABA receptor. GABA is an inhibitory neuron, which will decrease neural activity, treating anxiety.

While it increases GABA affinity, it also decreases GABA release. This helps it monitor itself. No OD.

Question 9

Benzodiazepine antag drug/MOA

Answer 9

Flumazenil, given IV to reverse effects of benzodiazepines.

Question 10

Anxiolytic drug and MOA

Answer 10

Buspirone. to tx anxiety.

ONLY used to tx anxiety by acting as a serotonin receptor agonist.

Question 11

Barbiturates MOA

Answer 11

Increase GABA affinity to GABA receptor= inhibitory effect = decrease in neural activity to tx anxiety.

No self regulation like benzo’s. Can OD.

Question 12

Drugs that tx alcohol dependence and MOA

Answer 12

1. Acamprosate. Unsure MOA
2. Disulfiram. Prevents breakdown of acetaldehyde by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH enzyme) = intense hangover.
3. Naltrexone. Opiate antagonist + counseling. No adverse rxns like disulfiram.

Question 13

Melatonin Receptor agonist (hypnotic to tx anxiety)

Answer 13

Ramelton. Tx anxiety. Calming.

Question 14

Benzo like drugs (other hypnotics to tx anxiety)

Answer 14

Eszopiclone. Zaleplon. Zolpidem.

Developed for sleep problems, but prevent drowsy hangover next day bc short duration of action.

Question 15

Anti psychotic agents

Answer 15

1st gen/typical
2nd gen/atypical
Tx of mania and depression

Question 16

1st gen antipsychotic agents/typical

Answer 16

Dopmaine receptor antagonist.
Also alpha, cholino (adrenergic) and histamine receptor antag.

Tx of positive schizo symptoms. May cause muscle movement disorders.

Question 17

2nd gen antipsychotic agents/atypical

Answer 17

Dopamine receptor antagonist + serotonin receptor antag.

Tx of positive AND negative schizo symptoms. No movement disorders, but has more side effects due to the blocking of serotonin receptors. Causes hallucinations.

Question 18

Tx of biopolar/mania drugs and MOA

Answer 18

Tx mania by anti-epileptic drugs:

Carbamazepine
Lithium- prevents synthesis/release of NE, 5HT, and DA.
valproic acid (GABA agonist)